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DR. JOHN B. BERTELING was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, January 27, 1860. He attended the schools of Cincinnati until reaching his eighteenth year, when he became a student at Notre Dame University, Ind., where he was graduated both in the scientific and classical courses, with degrees of B. S. and A. B., followed by the degrees of A. M. and M. S. two years later. Returning to Cincinnati, he matriculated at the Miami Medical College, now the medical department of the Cincinnati University, and after a three years' course was graduated with the degree of M. D. The young Doctor located in his native city, and proved from the first moment his fitness for the profession he had chosen. For two years he was a member of the city board of health, and during the great flood of 1884 was an active member of the relief corps. In 1885 he was appointed staff officer of St. Mary's Hospital, serving in that capacity until September, 1888. The excellent opportunities which this institution afforded for the study of operative surgery were not neglected by Dr. Berteling. In 1888 President Walsh, of Notre Dame University, offered him the position of professor of anatomy and physiology at the university, which was accepted, and in September of the same year he changed his residence to South Bend, Ind., a flourishing manufacturing town, two miles south of the college. In addition to his duties as lecturer on anatomy, the Doctor was appointed attending physician to the institution, and was also invited to attend the pupils and Sisters of St. Mary's Academy, a young ladies' seminary in charge of the Sisters of the Holy Cross order, and located one mile west of Notre Dame. While thus engaged at both institutions Dr. Berteling opened an office in South Bend, in the Oliver Opera House building, and in a very short time established himself as one of the prominent physicians of the town. Two years afterward he was elected president of the county medical society, and reelected for a second term. Thus far Dr. Berteling has not chosen a specialty, but he has been unusually successful in medical and surgical diseases of the chest, and he enjoys the confidence of the best men in the profession. He was married in 1886 to Miss Alice McCabe, of Milwaukee, and his family relations are most happy. There are three children: Marjorie, John and Hildegarde. Since coming to South Bend Dr. Berteling's residence has been on Taylor street.

�Pictorial and Biographical Memoirs of Elkhart and St. Joseph Counties, Indiana
Together with Biographies of Many Prominent Men of Northern Indiana and the Whole State, Both Living and Dead�
Goodspeed Brothers Publishers, Chicago
1893
John Morris Co. Printers and Binders

WILLIAM W. HAWKINS is an old and prominent resident of Mishawaka, Ind., was born in Marshall county, Ind., September 22, 1845, grandson of Thomas Hawkins, who was a pioneer of Marion county, Ind., where he became the owner of a fine body of land ten miles from Indianapolis consisting of 300 acres. He was married twice, his second wife being a Mrs. Pogue. By his first wife he became the father of six children: John, William, Thomas, Mary and two whose names are unknown. One daughter married a Mr. Van Dyke, a prominent merchant of Indianapolis, and the other is married and lives in Rushville, Ind.; Thomas died at the age of seventy years, was buried on the old homestead just out the city limits of Cumberland, where a monument marks his last resting place. His son, Thomas, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born on his father's farm, where he was also reared and received a common-school education. He was married to Elizabeth Yeakley, daughter of William and Phoebe (McAlrath) Yeakley, but Mrs. Hawkins was called from this life after giving birth to two children: Marian M. and William W., the latter being two years of age at the time of his mother's death. For his second wife Mr. Hawkins took Miss Phoebe McAlrath and she also died after bearing two children: Elmer, and an infant that died. Sophia Allman became Mr. Hawkins' third wife and presented him with three children: Wellington, Alburtus and Bertha. Owing to his advanced years Mr. Hawkins served only three months in the Civil War, being a member of the Ninth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, during which time he participated in the battle of Cheat Mountain. In 1879 he went to Kansas and settled on land in McPherson county near Christiana, becoming the owner of 160 acres. He has always been industrious and pushing and is now enjoying a fair measure of prosperity. William W. Hawkins was educated in the common schools and in 1861, at the age of sixteen years, he enlisted in Company I, Twenty-ninth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until December 3, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Marietta, Ga., having served four years three months and six days, during which time he participated in the battles of Shiloh, Stone River, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Liberty Gap, Dalton, Corinth, Decatur, Perrysville and many skirmishes, some of which were very hotly contested. He was slightly wounded at Chickamauga, and his Springfield rifle, which he carried in his hands, was shattered to pieces. He then took the rifle of a dead comrade and carried it through the remainder of the war. A short time before receiving his discharge he had a severe attack of sickness -erysipelas- which resulted in the total loss of the sight of one eye, and the sight of the other eye is greatly impaired. He was a good soldier and was promoted after the battle of Chattanooga to second sergeant. For three months he was chief bugler and sounded the calls of battle at Dalton, his first colonel being John F. Miller who afterward became the California millionaire. While in the service his regiment marched over 7,000 miles, over one-fourth of the distance around the globe. Although but a mere boy, not out of his teens when the war c1osed, he endured the hardships of the soldier's life and the severe and protracted marches with fortitude, and so far as bodily health was concerned came out of the service much better off than many older soldiers. He has a vivid remembrance of his army life and can portray many of its scenes in an interesting and telling manner. After the war he was in the service of the United States Government for two years and assisted in establishing national cemeteries at Marietta and Andersonville, Ga. He was in charge of twenty-five men at Marietta and was assistant clerk and timekeeper at Andersonville. In the former place there are 10,151 soldiers buried and at Andersonville 13,714 Union soldiers who died as prisoners. After this service Mr. Hawkins went to Rome, Ga., and in 1868 learned the iron molder's trade with Noble Bros. & Co., an English firm. In 1873 he returned to Plymouth, Ind., and soon went to Chicago for treatment for his eyes and worked in the Cook County Hospital Dispensary for some time. He then resumed his trade in that city, later followed it in Indianapolis for one year, after which he spent one year in the dispensary of the Soldier's Home at Dayton, Ohio. In 1879 he came to South Bend and worked in the foundry of the Oliver Chilled Plow Company thirteen months. In 1880 he came to Mishawaka, since which time he has been with the St. Joseph Iron Company and the Dodge Manufacturing Company, where he is now engaged as a molder. November 28, 1879, he was married to Annetta P. Kitson, a daughter of Jonathan and Philinda (McChristen) Kitson, the former of whom was born of German parents and became a resident of Mishawaka in 1878. He settled at Niles, Mich., in 1892 and is engaged in farming. To Mr. and Mrs. Hawkins six children have been born: Don E., born September 27, 1880; Mabel E., born May 7, 1883, and died at the age of three years; Ernest R., born March 11, 1885; Annebel, born July 22, 1887, and died at the age of five years; Birdie May, born November 28, 1891, and Flora A., born August 21, 1892. Since coming to Mishawaka Mr. Hawkins has become the owner of a comfortable home on the north side. His wife is a member of the Methodist Church, and socially he is a member of the G. A. R. That he was a trusted and efficient soldier is attested by the fact that at different times he was presented with two rolls of honor by the officers of his regiment, in acknowledgment of his meritorious services. In July, 1865, at Marietta, Ga., he was detailed as a clerk at the headquarters of Gen. John D. Stephenson on the court martial records, in which capacity he worked three months, the last part of his service being at Atlanta, Ga. He has, by hard study during his life as a soldier and since, gained a fair knowledge of chemistry, botany and music, and writes a good hand. He was one of the detachment from the Twenty-ninth Indiana Regiment, which took the body of Gen. McPherson from Ringgold, Ga., to Chattanooga, Tenn. Mrs. Hawkin's father and mother became the parents of the following children: Sanford P., Edward S., Mary E., Annetta P., Clarence, Ida, Sherman and Frank.

MELVIN R. PHILLIPS, Mishawaka, Ind. The subject of this sketch is one of the old settlers and soldier citizens of St. Joseph county, Ind. The Phillips family originated in England, but Enoch Phillips, the grandfather of our subject, was probably a native of Massachusetts, and no doubt belonged to one of the old colonial families. In early life, we learn, that Enoch Phillips was a hunter, and it was while upon one of his famous hunting expeditions that he discovered the now celebrated Saratoga Springs, and for some time he resided near there. He married and was the father of six children: Reuben, Amaziah, Levi, Darius, Charity and Amity. Mr. Phillips finally settled in Essex county, N. Y. on wild land, cleared up a farm, and lived to the age of almost one hundred years, dying about 1836. He was an honorable and upright character, and he was one of those old pioneer hunters of the Eastern States who were unique features of the early day in that section. Reuben Phillips, the son of the above and the father of our subject, was born in Essex county, N. Y., served in the War of 1812, and took part in the battle of Plattsburg. He was a man of some education, and married Lydia Cole, a daughter of Orrin Cole, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. To Mr. and Mrs. Phillips were born thirteen children, all of whom lived to become men and women. Mr. Phillips was a farmer in Essex county, and moved in 1832 to Medina county, Ohio, lived there one year, then removed to Chatauqua county, N. Y., remained there two years, and then moved, in 1834, to Erie county, Penn., where he bought a farm, and at this place his wife died. He lived here until 1844, when he moved to Medina county, Ohio, and resided there upon a farm which he bought, until 1854, when he returned to Erie county, Penn., but afterward moved to Adams county, Wis., bought a farm and lived upon it until his death, in 1881, at the age of ninety-five years. He was always in comfortable circumstances, an honorable, industrious man and a respected citizen. Physically he was a very robust man, and his children all inherited his strength. Melvin R., a son of the above, and the subject of the present sketch, was born August 17, 1826, in Essex county, N. Y., on his father's farm. He attended the best common schools of his day, sometimes in the log school-house of the pioneer, and also in Erie county. He learned the trade of wagon maker in Chatauqua county, N. Y., but worked only during the winters, preferring life on the farm during the summers. In 1846, at the age of twenty years, he came to St. Joseph county, Ind., making the journey with a pair of horses, and a wagon which he had made with his own hands, and come with John Peek, who is now living in this town�ship. Mr. Phillips followed farm work, and in 1849 he crossed the plains to California with the Bristol Company, which was made up from the counties of Elkhart, Kosciusko, La Grange, Steuben and St. Joseph, and as it was organized at Bristol, Ind., took the name of that place. The company consisted of thirty-nine men, fifteen ox wagons, each wagon drawn by three or four yoke of oxen. They left Mishawaka, March 17, 1849, and reached the mining district on Bear River, Ca1., September 30, 1849. They lost three men by cholera on the way, and they were buried on the plains. Otherwise they had no severe trouble. Mr. Phillips mined in California for two years, also engaged in prospecting, and then returned to St. Joseph county by way of the Isthmus of Panama. He married Ruth A. Cook, and by her was the father of one child, Jay, who is now married and settled at Cedar Rapids, Neb., and has one child. Mr. Phillips engaged in farming, and learned the stonemason trade in 1854, working at the trade until 1881. He became a skillful mason, and laid the stone work for the Water street bridge in 1857, and was the foreman for the stone work for the Mishawaka bridge across the St. Joseph River in 1873-4; the Jefferson Street bridge in 1881; the large culvert at the east end of Mishawaka in 1875, and the stone work of the mill race, besides many of the best foundations in Mishawaka. October 15, 1862, he enlisted in Mishawaka, as a soldier in the Civil war, for nine months, serving until he was honorably discharged February 3, 1863, at Murfreesboro, Tenn. At the battle of Stone River he was wounded, shot in the thumb, and was also struck by a limb which was cut off by a shell. His company was supporting the Union batteries, and he was lying down with the other men when he was struck across the back and so disabled that he was taken to the hospital and remained there until his discharge. Mr. Phillips married, in Hillsdale county Mich., February 1, 1859, Louisa Headley, born November 18, 1842, in Columbiana county, Ohio, a daughter of Reuben and Louisa (Harper) Headley. Mr. Headley was born in New Jersey, of American parentage, was a farmer of Columbiana county, Ohio, and later removed to Steuben county, Ind., where he settled on a farm and died in 1860. He was the father of eleven children, who lived to grow up, as follows: John, Joseph, Mary, Reuben, Wheelen, Nancy, Alexander, Hannah (deceased), Louisa, Sarah and Emma. Mr. Headley lived to be seventy-three years of age, and was an industrious, hard working man, respected by all. Mr. and Mrs. Phillips are the parents of two children: Frank, born October 18, 1860, and Myron Reuben, born November 22, 1866. Frank married Effie Owen, and is employed on the Lake Shore Railroad, residing in Elkhart. He has three children: Florence M., Francis and Charles. Myron R. is a farmer on the home farm. He married Carrie Bonner and has one child, Gracie. Politically Mr. Phillips is a stanch Democrat; socially a member of the Masonic order. He has given his children good educational advantages. He stands deservedly high as an honorable citizen, a patriotic defender of his country, and a man of sterling traits of character.

ROBERT MYLER, county auditor, is one of the most efficient, faithful and painstaking officers St. Joseph county has ever had, and in discharging the functions of his office he has shown the utmost courtesy to all with whom he has come in contact, and has won innumerable friends. He was born in Henry county, Ind., July 29, 1832, to James and Olive (Main) Myler, natives respectively of Maryland and New York State. At an early day Indiana became their home, and. in the county of Henry the father successfully tilled the soil until 1836, when he took up his residence in Warren township of St. Joseph county, where he purchased a very slightly improved farm and began making his home in a little log cabin that had been erected thereon. He died in Buchanan, Mich., leaving four sons and eight daughters. The subject of this sketch is the youngest son, and was but four years of age when his parents located in this section. Like most farmers' boys he obtained a district school education, his attendance being confined to a three months' winter term, to which he was compelled to walk three miles. The facilities at that time were very poor, the school building was a small log structure, and the arrangement of the interior was of the most primitive description. When twenty-two years of age he left home to make his own way in the world, and as a means of livelihood took up farming, an occupation with which he was thoroughly familiar, in Warren township, following it until 1860, when he abandoned it to cross the plains to the Pacific slope. He visited Pike's Peak, but his efforts as a gold hunter were unsuccessful, and at the end of six months he became discouraged and returned home. He purchased a farm in German township, which he still owns, and during his residence there he was trustee of the township two terms. In 1870 he moved to South Bend and engaged in the manufacture of furniture, which he carried on two years, then began devoting his attention to the real estate and insurance business, which he successfully conducted for a number of years. Following this for seven years he traveled for the Oliver Plow Company. He still owns his farm, consisting of 182 acres two and a half miles from South Bend, which is known as Portage Point farm. Mr. Myler is a well-known stockman and wheat buyer, and his reputation throughout the county as a man of affairs is of the very best. He has always been interested in politics and was an alternate to the Chicago National Convention in 1884. He has been a delegate to nearly all the county and district conventions, and has filled his present office, to which he was elected by the Democratic party in 1890, with marked ability. Socially he is a member of the A. F. & A. M. In 1854 he was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe A. Dunn, by whom he has three children: William E., deputy auditor; Nellie A. and R. O.

FREDRICK GEORGE EBERHART, JR., Mishawaka, Ind. The original pioneer of Penn township was Fredrick G. Eberhart (see sketch of Adolphus Eberhart). He was the father of our subject, who was born in Yates county, N. Y., March 15, 1835, and was one year old when his parents brought him to this county. He received the common school education of his township, attending school during the winters and working on the farm during the summers, remaining on the farm at home until he was twenty-one years of age. In 1857 he went to Rock Island, Ill, and remained there one summer engaged in breaking prairie, but returned to Penn township in 1858, and in company with his brothers John and Jacob, went into the lumber business, in which he successfully continued for five years. Following this he engaged in farming one and one-half miles northeast of Mishawaka, and bought eighty acres of land to which, by thrift and industry, he added until he now owns 110 acres, upon which he has put good improvements, consisting of a substantial residence, commodious barn, and other farm buildings. In 1864 Mr. Eberhart married Boxy Vesey, daughter of George and Olive (Graham) Vesey. George Vesey descended from the old family of the name, in Vermont, and came to Penn township in 1847, buying 160 acres of land which he cleared from the dense woods and made into a good home. Both Mr. and Mrs. Vesey were members of the Baptist Church, he being a deacon for many years. Politically he was a stanch Republican. He was the father of six children by his first wife: Emily, Anna, William, Lucius, Horace and Roxie. Mr. Vesey lived to the age of sixty-seven, and died on his farm in May, 1887. He was a man of excellent reputation, and was well known throughout St. Joseph county for his integrity of character. He was an industrious pioneer citizen. His wife, Olive Graham, was born in York State, of English descent. Mr. and Mrs. Eberhart have had four children: Sabra, born February 1, 1865; George F., born November 8, 1868; Adelbert H., born November 26, 1873, and died at three years of age, and Lucius H., born April 23, 1876, dying while still an infant. All of the children were born in Penn township on the farm. All of the children received a good education, and George and Sabra O. attended the high school of Mishawaka, from which the former graduated. Our subject has always been a practical farmer and business man, but has held no office. He is a stanch Republican in politics, a substantial citizen, owning his farm and also an interest in the Eberhart homestead. Both Mr. and Mrs. Eberhart are members of the Methodist Church, in which he is now trustee, and has been class-leader and steward. They are now residing in Mishawaka. Sabra O. married George Cook, freight agent at Chesterton, Ind., and has one child: Jay W.; and George F. married Abbie Plum, and is a merchant in Osceola. Mr. Eberhart has descended from one of the most honorable families in Penn township, and has always been a man above reproach in every relation of life.

DR. W. A. PIERCE, Osceola, Ind. In a comprehensive work of this kind, dealing with industrial pursuits, sciences, arts and professions, it is only fit and right that that profession on which, in some period or other of our lives - the medical profession - we are all more or less dependent, should be noticed. It is the prerogative of the physician to relieve or alleviate the ailments to which suffering humanity is heir, and as such he deserves the most grateful consideration of all. A prominent physician who, by his own ability, has attained distinction in his profession is Dr. W. A. Pierce, who was born in Bennington, Vt., in 1852, and comes of an old New England family of English descent. Michael Pierce, son of Ephraim, came to this country from England in 1727 and settled in Massachusetts. Capt. John Pierce, of Bedford, Mass., and grandson of Ephraim, served in the Revolutionary war, while Isaac, the great-grandson of Ephraim, served in the War of 1812. Amos Pierce, the grandfather of Dr. Pierce, became a general merchant of Burlington, Va., in 1813, there reared his family and passed from life at the age of eighty years. He was the father of Myron A., Charlotte, Sarah and Augusta Pierce. Amos Pierce was a successful man of affairs and for some time held the office of justice of the peace. Myron A., his son and the father of Dr. W. A. Pierce, was born in Burlington, Vt., and graduated at the Boston University, paying his own way while in this institution by teaching school. After sufficient preparation he began practicing medicine at White Hall, Vt., and later at Bennington, where he remained six years. In 1854 he moved with his family to Morris, Ill., having married in the State of his birth Harriet Frost, who bore him six children: William A., Frank F., Frederick (who died when in infant), George (who also died young), Harriet G. and Jesse M. Dr. Pierce practiced medicine at Morris, Dl., for thirty years, and became widely and favorably known. He and his wife were members of the Presbyterian Church, in which they were very active workers, and socially he was a member of the A. F. & A. M. He died January 30, 1885, at the age of sixty-six years. Dr. W. A. Pierce may be said to have been brought up in his father's office, for there much of his time was spent in studying his father's medical books and receiving valuable instructions from him, not only by precept, but by example. His literary education was obtained in the Morris Classical Institute, and his medical education in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he graduated as an M. D. in 1879. Soon after this he opened an office at Middlebury, Ind., but at the end of three months came to Osceola, since which time he has, by his assiduous attention to his patients, acquired a large and steadily increasing practice, while he has gained the confidence of all as a steady, clever and scientific practitioner. He is a practitioner of the regular alopathic school, and during the prevalence of la grippe in 1891 he kept two drivers and seven horses busy almost day and night in looking after his patients. He has full control of the medical practice of his territory, his drives extending in all directions from Osceola, a distance of ten miles. He is well known as a man of benevolent disposition and for his kindness to the poor, his charges to them being most reasonable. He stands deservedly high, not only in his profession, but as a gentleman and an honored citizen. He is a member of the St. Joseph County Medical Society, and politically is a Republican. March 15, 1881, he married Louisa White, daughter of William and Elmira (Belden) Bancroft, the former of whom was one of the founders of Osceola. Dr. and Mrs. Pierce have two children: Harriet E. and Chauncey M.

HARRY BOYD SNEE, M. D. The medical profession in South Bend is represented by a number of skillful practitioners, who have an extended knowledge of therapeutics, skill in their use and enviable reputations as physicians of ability. Prominent among them is Dr. Snee, who is a graduate of the noted Rush Medical College, of Chicago, being a member of the class of 1888-9. He was born in the city of New York, March 22, 1869, a son of Philip Boyd Snee, who was a native of Yorkshire, England, where his birth occurred in 1847. In 1864 he crossed the "pond" to the United States to seek his fortune and settled in the city of New York, where he followed his occupation, that of importer of woolen goods, having been identified with their manufacture in his native land. He was called from life in 1871, having lived a useful and upright life. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Magian, was born in Toronto, Canada, in 1849, and is now a resident of the city of Chicago. From 1876 until 1882 Dr. Harry Boyd Snee was an attendant of the well-known Notre Dame University, but from 1882 until 1886 he attended high school in Chicago, and also received instruction from private tutors. From February, 1889, until June of the same year and immediately after graduating from Rush Medical College, he was surgeon for the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western Railroad, with headquarters at Hurley and Rhinelander, Wis. In June, 1889, he went to Europe for the purpose of perfecting himself in his profession, and for a period of two years he pursued his medical researches in Heidelberg, Freidburg, Munich, Vienna and Berlin Universities, making a special study of the throat, nose and ear. He returned to the United States in the summer of 1891 and opened an office in South Bend, Ind., where he has remained ever since and built up a paying patronage, through sheer force of native ability. He has been very successful in his treatment of his patients, who repose in him the most unlimited confidence, and even those who employ older physicians in cases of sickness in their families, can not fail to remark his wonderful cures and acknowledge his ability. Although young in years he has already attained a prominence which many older physicians would gladly have, and the future promises for him a success of conquests. He is a member of the Turner's Society and socially belongs to the B. P. O. E. Lodge, No. 235.

ZELOTES BANCROFT is one of the founders of the town of Osceola and is now its oldest resident. His grandfather, Isaac Bancroft, was born in Massachusetts and was a direct descendant of one of the Pilgrim fathers. Three brothers of the name came from England and settled in the Bay State and were among the founders of the Plymouth colony. Isaac Bancroft was a farmer of Granville, Mass., was an industrious and likely citizen and became possessed of a competence. He lived to be an old man and died a member of the Baptist Church, in which faith he reared his children, their names being as follows: Lemuel, Zelotes, William, Charles, Alma and Ruth by a first wife, and Jacob, Harry and Hannah by a second wife. His son William was born at his father's farm at Granville, received a common-school education and when old enough began learning the ship-carpenter's and millwright's trades in the shipyards of Boston. His brother Lemuel having settled in Wyoming county, N. Y., he joined him in 1826 and was married there December 24, 1828, to Emeline, daughter of William and Hannah (Westcot) Belden, soon after which he began working at the wagon and carriage maker's trade and was also engaged in the lumber business. His union resulted in the birth of the following children: Laura, who died in infancy in New York; Zelotes; Alma, born in New York State; Ruth, born in St. Joseph county, Ind.; Emeline and Louisa. In 1837 Mr. Bancroft came to St. Joseph county, Ind., his brother Zelotes having been the first of the family to settle here, and the latter assisted in organizing the county and in building the first mill-dam across the St. Joseph River at Mishawaka. He was a prominent man and at one time wealthy. Among his business enterprises was the purchase of the original saw-mill on the creek at Osceola and a tract of 160 acres of land, after which he sent for his brother William to come and take charge of the mill, which he did and successfully operated it for some years. After the death of his brother, which occurred at Mishawaka, William bought the mill property, greatly improved it and with the assistance of his son Zelotes, he built a grist and flouring mill in 1856, and had nearly 300 acres of land, on a part of which Osceola is now built. In this business he became wealthy and left a handsome property. He was a Baptist in religious belief, was first a Democrat, but assisted in organizing the Republican party in his section, after which he was one of its stanch supporters, and being very much opposed to secret organizations, he was not a member of any society. He was a good business man, a practical worker, and being quite ingenious he invented a water-wheel of much merit. He was very upright and honorable, was decidedly progressive and was one of the founders of the free-school system in his township, and together with a Methodist preacher of the name of Getchel1, he built the first school-house in his part of the township, he furnishing the lumber and Mr. Getchell building the house. Mr. Bancroft hired the teacher and paid her without the assistance of others, the school being free for all. He also assisted in building the Methodist Church, and his many deeds of unselfishness and interest in the welfare of his section won him the regard of all who knew him. He was a very strong Union man during the war. Zelotes Bancroft was born at Castile, Wyoming county, N. Y., October 23, 1830, but has been a resident of Penn township, this county, ever since he was six years of age. He received his education in a log school-house one and one-half miles south of Osceola, which was a very primitive structure, heated by an immense fireplace holding logs eight feet long, which were hauled to the schoolhouse by horses. Mr. Bancroft attended this school three months, which was taught by an old Kentuckian who allowed the children to run out and in the schoolhouse at their will. He would go to the school-house door and shout "All you that haint sayed, come in and say," and the boy who reached the door first read first. After this Mr. Bancroft attended school in the house built by his father, the teacher being a Miss Broodwick, who afterward married John Davenport of Elkhart. He continued to attend this school during the winter seasons until he was twenty years old, and being quick and intelligent, usually stood at the head of his classes. He worked in his father's saw-mill and afterward on the Lake Shore Railroad for two years. In 1856 he assisted his father to build the mill above mentioned, which building is still standing although it has been remodeled. He has since been the very efficient manager of this mill. For some years he ran a store in Osceola, assisted by his wife, whom he married June 1, 1863, her maiden name being Sarah E. Masters, born December 11, 1844, a daughter of Austin M. and Jane A. (Elmondorf) Masters, who were of Dutch stock and natives of Kingston, N. Y. Peter Masters, the grandfather of Mrs. Bancroft, was in the War of 1812, and lived to be nearly ninety years of age, at which time he was the oldest Odd Fellow in the United States, being a charter member of Kingston Lodge, New York. He was a very successful blacksmith and owned a shop with five forges. He was also in the stone quarry business. His son James learned the miller's trade of Mr. Bancroft. To the latter and his wife seven children have been born: William, who died at the age of five years; Archie, who died when one and a half years old; Gracie, who died in infancy; Zelia; Jennie; George and another child who died in infancy. Mr. Bancroft lived with his father and mother until their respective deaths. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Church and he has taken an active interest in Sunday school work, and is now teacher of the Bible class. He is a Republican and as an honorable, upright man stands high in the community in which he resides.

REV. THOMAS C. WALSH, C. S. C., Notre Dame College, is a native of Montreal, Canada, his birth occurring May 15, 1853, his father being Thomas E. Walsh, a well-known and successful business man of Detroit, who died in that city in 1891. The subject of this sketch was one of eight children, and when fourteen years of age he entered the College of St. Lawrence, Montreal, in which well-known institution he completed his education in 1872. From there he went to Paris, France, where he entered Ste. Croix College, in which he remained until 1875. From that place he came to Notre Dame the same year and entered upon his duties as professor of classics, which position he occupied with ability for two years. In 1877 he was ordained and made vice-president of the institution, and in 1881 became president, which position he is still acceptably filling. He has proved himself to be the "right man in the right place," and no more sufficient testimony is needed to prove his worth and ability than the present high position which he occupies.

ELI O. NEWMAN is one of the energetic and enterprising citizens of Mishawaka, and comes of sterling English and Irish stock, his early ancestors coming to this country and settling at Lynn, Mass. David Newman, the great-grandfather, was a soldier of the Revolution and was born at that place, and after his marriage became the father of the following children: John, Thomas, Sarah, Clarissa, Nancy and Eli. The latter, our subject's grandfather, was a soldier in the War of 1812. Thomas, his son, was also born at Lynn, and was a shoemaker by trade; he married Miss Fannie Weeks and eight children were born to them: Samuel, James, Alexander, David, Mary, Sarah, Eli O. and Benjamin, who was killed in the Civil war, while serving in an Ohio regiment. Thomas Newman settled in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, at an early day and died near New Philadelphia at the age of forty-five years, having been an industrious, hard-working man of strictly honorable character and correct morals. Eli O. Newman, his son, owes his nativity to Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where he was born August 19, 1839, but when a very small child he was left an orphan by the death of his parents and was brought up by his uncle, John Low, of Columbiana, Ohio, with whom he made his home until he was sixteen years of age. He then came to Indiana and worked for his brother, David, until he was about twenty years of age at which time he began laboring in a sawmill. On September 9, 1861, he cast aside personal considerations and enlisted in the Union service to fight his country's battles, becoming a member of Company I, Ninth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until October 17, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Camp Stanley in Texas. He was in the engagement at Greenbriar, W. Va., October 3, 1861, the siege of Corinth, Perryville, a skirmish at Danville, besides many other minor skirmishes in Kentucky, and at the battle of Stone River he was slightly wounded by the Union artillery. He was in skirmishes at Woodbury and Readyville, Tenn., and at the latter place was promoted to corporal and detailed assistant color bearer, carrying the stars and stripes the most of the time. At Readyville, Tenn., he had charge of eleven men who engaged one hundred rebel cavalry in a skirmish. He was also at Chickamauga, and Lookout Mountain, his regiment making a charge up the mountain in the face of a severe fire, and fought above the clouds. The next day they fought at Mission Ridge and here his regiment captured 200 rebel prisoners. They were then detailed to bury the dead after the battle of Chattanooga, after which they went to Whitesides, Tenn., and re-enlisted as veterans, Mr. Newman being the first man in his regiment to re-enlist. He came home on a thirty day veteran's furlough, then reported to Gen. O. O. Howard, and was in the Atlanta campaign, tak�ing part in the engagements at Rocky Face Ridge, Dalton, Resaca, Kingston, Dallas, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Rough Station, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy Station, Columbia, Tenn., Franklin, Nashville, besides many skirmishes more or less severe. His regiment was under fire for nearly four months at Atlanta. He was in the hospital at Louisville for about one month and was home on furlough one month, and with these exceptions he was on duty with his regiment and in active service until his discharge. His duties as color-bearer were very dangerous and arduous and one of the standards of colors was a silk flag presented to the regiment by General Nelson, of Kentucky. At the battle of Lovejoy Station a bullet passed through his flag, and almost the same thing happened at Resaca. At the battle of Stone River one of the color-bearers was shot and the most of the others were wounded. Mr. Newman was a brave and faithful soldier and did efficient service for his country on many a bloody battlefield. On April 27, 1862, while at home on furlough he married Caroline, daughter of Nelson and Betsy (Hoard) Moon, Mr. Moon having been born in the State of New York, and was one of the early settlers of Penn township, this county, where he and his wife reared the following children: Maria, William, Caroline, Sarah, Martha A., Emma and Nelson. Mr. and Mrs. Newman have raised five children: Clara A., Howard W., Anna fl., Julius A. and Clover A. After his return from the army Mr. Newman settled down to farming and by energy and good judgment has become the owner of a fine farm of one hundred acres. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for many years he has been a stanch Republican politically, but at the present time is a Prohibitionist. He has given his children excellent educational advantages, and they all have been attendants at the Northern Indiana Normal College at Valparaiso and are now very successful teachers of St. Joseph county, with the exception of Clover, who is still attending school. As a citizen Mr. Newman has always been enterprising, industrious and honest, is a practical and shrewd farmer, a kind husband and father and is a man of naturally fine mind., which has been strengthened and enriched by much reading, by observation and contact with the business affairs of life.

MOTHER MARY OF ST. ANGELA. Eliza Marie Gillespie was the eldest daughter of John M. and Mary (Myers) Gillespie, and was born in Brownsville, Penn., February 21, 1824. Her parents were remarkable for their deep piety and abiding faith, and these noble qualities were inherited by their children to the fullest extent. The head of the house was called from life when his three children, Eliza Maria, Mary (Mrs. P. B. Ewing), and Neal Henry (the late Rev. Father Gillespie, C. S. C., of Notre Dame), were quite young, and with their mother the family removed to Lancaster, Ohio. Soon after Eliza Maria was placed at school with the Dominican Sisters at Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio, and some years afterward she was sent to Georgetown Convent, where, with the Visitandines, she became a great favorite on account of her talents and brilliant qualities. She in time finished her studies, bearing off the highest honors in the gift of that institution. Tenderness for the sick and the afflicted seemed to be an inborn trait with her and as years advanced it developed in a remarkable degree. When the news of the famine in Ireland reached her ears, she resorted to many expedients to obtain aid for the sufferers, and succeeded in collecting no mean sum of money to forward to the sufferers, through the agency of her needle and pen, writing a magazine story in connection with Miss Ellen Ewing, now the widow of Gen. Sherman*. When the Asiatic cholera broke out everywhere in the United States in 1849, instead of shrinking at its approach, Miss Gillespie did not hesitate to attend and nurse the sick and dying who had been deserted out of fear of the fatal disease. The year 1853 marked the date of her entrance into the Congregation of the Holy Cross, and thenceforward she was known by the name now so familiar to the religious and educational world "Mother Angela." Directly after her reception of the holy habit, which was on the Feast of the Patronage of St. Joseph, 1853, she sailed for Europe, made her novitiate in France, and on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception of the same year took the vows of religious profession at the hands of Very Rev. Father Moreau, the founder of the Congregation of the Holy Cross. In January, 1855, she returned to America and was made superior of the Academy of St. Mary's, Bertrand, Mich. This school, which had been doing good service for eight years, now took a decided step in advance. In the following summer the Sisters were transferred from Bertrand to the present site of St. Mary's, and the academy was chartered, the foundation of the present Conservatory of Music was laid, the art department was fairly started, in fact, the future of St. Mary's was established on a firm foundation, and all chiefly owing to the liberal, intelligent and indefatigable exertions, to the executive ability, to the quick comprehension and tact to make the best use of circumstances, and last, though not least of all, to the earnest faith of Mother Angela. To Mother Angela there was nothing ignoble in the most common offices, the meanest labor when done for God. Although St. Mary's was destined to weather many fierce storms for existence, especially during its early days, the faith and persistent efforts of the little society brought it safely through. Under Mother Angela's notable co-operation with Father Sorin's designs, foundations were established in various parts of the Union, so that it is not exaggeration to say that at the present time her influence is felt from ocean to ocean, from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, in the schools which have been established by the Sisters of the Holy Cross, and through the method of education adopted and perfected under her wise superintendence. The best minds of the day recognize the fact that Mother Angela's enterprise was in the right direction, and they reposed the greatest confidence in her judgment and opinions. The high standard which she held up to her teachers, the conscientious motives which actuated her in her determination to render the schools of the Holy Cross the very best in the land, the avidity with which she laid hold of every means to exalt and perfect the system of education employed, exerted a mighty influence, not only upon the Congregation of the Holy Cross, but outside of the community. It gave an impetus to the very best in the educational world. During the Civil war Mother Angela took her band of devoted Sisters into the midst of carnage and desolation of the border States where the fierce contest was at its height, to prepare food for the sick, and they were obliged to rise very early and cook their gruel for 1,400 patients before "roll call." A volume could be filled with the most interesting details, but suffice it to say that they not only rendered physical aid but also attended to the spiritual wants of unnumbered souls in their dying hour. Directly or indirectly through Mother Angela's energetic fervor, outside institutions were established at the following places: Baltimore, Md.; Michigan City, Ind.; Morris, Ill.; Washington, D. C.; Rensselaer, Ind.; Logansport, Ind.; South Bend, Ind.; La Porte, Ind.; Allen county, Ind.; Plymouth, Ind.; Crawfordsville, Ind.; Alexandria, Va.; Austin, Tex..; Cairo, Ill.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Watertown, Wis.; Lancaster, Penn.; Ogden, Utah; Union City, Ind.; Anderson, Ind.; Marshall, Tex.; Goshen, Ind.; Elkhart, Ind.; Park City, Utah; Deadwood, Dak.; Mt. Carmel and Columbus, Ohio. More than one institution was established in a number of these cities. In the summer 1886 Mother Angela went to take possession of St. Mary's of the Holy Rosary, at Woodland, Cal., but the foregoing list is but a small index of the grand volume of her life-work and does little more than point to a lifetime of incredible zeal and charity. After the war Mother Angela was called upon to assist Very Rev. Edward Sorin in the publication of the Ave Maria, of which he was the founder. The success of the establishment of St. Mary's Academy at Salt Lake City, where they were long compelled to remain under the protection of the Government*, is one of the strongest proofs of Mother Angela's sagacity, and of her broad, heroic charity. Instances of these qualities might be found in nearly every school she established. At St. Mary's, however, every object is alive with her impress, especially in the musical and art departments. Although she is passed from life, she still lives in those who were educated at St. Mary's. The following is quoted from one of her former pupils: "The papers say many beautiful and glorious things of dear Mother Angela's brilliant talents and useful career, but we know her deeply religious character. Her self-sacrifice, her pure intention and zeal for the glory of God are better before the throne of God than all the praises the world can possibly bestow. "

*A note in the errata of the book notes that �Gen. Sherman�s wife died before he did, and that the establishment at Salt Lake was not compelled to rely upon the protection of the Government.�

JOHN S. ERNST is one of the leading farmers of Penn township, St. Joseph Co., Ind., and has followed this calling from his earliest boyhood, being initiated into its mysteries by his father, Martin Ernst, who was born at Baden Baden, Germany, where he was married to Justina Scholer, who was also a native of Baden Baden. They came to America in search of a fortune in 1833 and settled on a farm near Rochester, N. Y., where they resided eight years, then moved to Superior county, Canada, where nineteen years were spent on a farm of 100 acres. In 1865 they decided to remove to the States and they accordingly bought 160 acres of land about three miles south of Mishawaka, on which the father lived until his career was closed by death in 1867, when fifty-four years of age. He was a man of great industry and like all his countrymen, was prudent and economical and strictly honorable in all his business transactions; in fact, was a model German-American citizen. He and his wife were devout Catholics and in this belief they reared their five children: John S.; Joseph; Elizabeth; Madeline, who died a married woman; and Ludwig, who died at the age of six years. John S. Ernst was born near Rochester, N. Y., February 14, 1835, and was about six years of age when he went with his parents to Canada. He received a practical education in both German and English in the Dominion. He also came to St. Joseph county in 1865, and after the death of his father he settled on half of the homestead, which he farmed with excellent results for nineteen years, but since 1882 has resided on his present farm of 155 acres, which is nicely improved and for which he paid $12,400. His prosperity is due to hard work and thrift, and being public spirited and strictly honorable he is with reason considered one of the substantial and responsible citizens of the county. He is a thoroughly practical farmer and is in every way worthy the respect that is accorded him, for he is in every sense of the world self-made and his word is considered as good as his bond. January 20, 1867, he was married to Magdalina, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Bucheit) Bucheit, and the fruits of their union were nine children: Mary, Justina, Rosa, Leo, Matilda, Frank, John (who died in infancy), August and Isabelle, all of whom have received educational advantages and made the most of their opportunities. He and his wife are worthy members of the Catholic Church, and it may with truth be said that such citizens are a direct benefit to the community, for by their industry and good habits they assist in developing the country and rear honorable families.

Deb Murray