The oldest of the children, Jacob Armey, was born in Virginia and accompanied his parents to Ohio when fourteen years of age. He was reared a farmer and, with the exception of a limited period spent in the tanning business when a young man, made the pursuit of agriculture his life work. In an early day he went to Union county, Indiana, where he met and married Miss Amy Stevenson, who was born in Warren county, Ohio, June 20, 1813. She was the daughter of John Stevenson, who moved from eastern Ohio to Indiana in pioneer times and became a well-known citizen and successful farmer of union county. Jacob Armey continued to reside in Union county until about the year 1838, when he went hack to his old Ohio home, where he remained till 1851, at which time he returned to Indiana and located in the county of Kosciusko. He settled temporarily in Clay township, where he rented land, and also cultivated a farm in Wabash county, living on leased land until 1863, when he moved to Scott township and took possession of a farm which he had purchased the previous year. Subsequently he bought other real estate in section 1 of the same township, to which he removed and on which his death took place in August, 1874; Mrs. Armey survived her husband till 1898, at which time she was caned to the other life. Eight children were born to this worthy couple, namely: Joseph S., Margaret A., William S., Lydia, Hannah J., Susannah, Martha and Abraham.

Joseph S. Armey, the first born of the family, is a native of Union county, Indiana, and dates his birth from the 17th day of February, 1836. He attended the schools in the neighborhood of the home farm when a boy, and spent the first fifteen years of his life in the county of Montgomery, Ohio, meanwhile assisting his father with the farm work, not a little of which fell to him by reason of his being the oldest son. He accompanied the family to Kosciusko county in 1851 and, with the exception of a few years, has made this part of the state his home to the present day, the exception referred to being the time he lived in the county of Wabash, which covered a period of nearly ten years.

Mr. Armey remained with his parents until of a legal age, but it was not until 1860 that he bought land of his own, which he began to improve in 1863. His first purchase consisted of eighty acres in section 6, Jefferson township, to which he afterwards made an addition of four and a half acres adjoining, the two tracts combined forming the nucleus of his present estate of four hundred acres. From his boyhood Mr. Armey was trained to habits of industry and he found his early lessons of great practical value when he began the work of clearing his land and fitting it for cultivation. He erected comfortable buildings on his place, gradually extended the area of tillable land until he found himself in the possession of a beautiful farm, which for general agricultural purposes is not excelled by any like number of acres in the township in which it is situated.

As a farmer and business man Mr. Armey has always been regarded as a representative citizen of his township and county. He is a careful manager and a good financier, and his judgment is seldom wrong on matters coming within his sphere as an agriculturist and stock raiser. His life has been characterized by consecutive toil and well-directed effort and the success which has crowned his labors mark him as a man of sound judgment, keen discernment and prudent forethought. He is methodical in his work, prompt in meeting all obligations, not given to speculation of any kind, but satisfied with the gradual but sure gains which result from legitimate labor. Personally he has many friends in his township and the high esteem in which he is held proves him to be the possessor of those correct moral principles which make men worthy of public as well as private confidence.

Mr. Armey has been twice married, the first time in May, 1870, to Miss Thursey E. Snyder, who bore him the following children: William W., deceased; Amy C., deceased; Jacob F. Lewis, deceased; Adam and Aaron, twins, the former dead; Eva, deceased; Emma J., Joseph M. and Noah E. The second marriage was solemnized March 5, 1897, with Mrs. Sallie M. French, widow of the late Cornelius French, a union without issue.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

CHARLES T. DYE.
For many years the well-known subject of this sketch has been engaged in agricultural pursuits in Kosciusko county and is well entitled to representation with the enterprising and progressive men of the town ship of which he is an honored citizen. He comes from good old Revolutionary stock, his great-grandfather having been a hero of the colonial struggle for independence, and later his father fought for three years in the army which crushed forever the armed hosts of treason in one of the greatest wars known to history.

Marshall A. Dye, the subject's father, was born in 1821. In an early day he entered land in Kosciusko county through an uncle and came to his possession in Tippecanoe township in the year 1859. He resided on his original purchase until 1892, at which time he took up his abode in the township of Plain, where he now lives. As already stated, he was a veteran of the late Civil war, serving three years as private in Company G, Second Indiana Cavalry, and earning the reputation of a brave defender of the old flag. He is the father of four children, Alexander, Charles T., Edgar and William, all deceased but the subject of this review. Alexander was a soldier in the war of the Rebellion and died while in the service.

Charles T. Dye is a native of Miami county, Ohio, and dates his birth from the 27th day of January, 1851. He was reared to agricultural pursuits, secured a good education in the common schools and remained with his parents until twenty-one years of age. He assisted his father on the farm and on attaining his majority decided to follow tilling the soil for a life work, a resolution which he has since carried out with satisfactory financial results.

In the year 1872 Mr. Dye and Miss Eviline Robinson, daughter of an early settler of Tippecanoe township, were united in the holy bonds of wedlock, a union resulting in the birth of three children, Charles M., Thomas W. and John W. The first two are married, Charles M. living in North Webster and Thomas in the village of Oswego. The mother of these children died November 8, 1885, and in February of the year following Mr. Dye was united in marriage to Irene F. Bartholomew, daughter of Levi Bartholomew, one of the early settlers of Kosciusko county. Five children have been born to Mr. Dye's second marriage, namely: Rosella M., Clarence A., Levi L., Alta and Le Roy.

Mr. Dye made his home in Tippecanoe township for a number of years and met with encouraging success as a farmer and stock raiser. In 1886 he purchased his present farm of one hundred and forty-seven acres, partly in Tippecanoe, Plain and Van Buren townships. Industrious, frugal and energetic, he has prosecuted his labors in such a manner as to win an enviable reputation as an enterprising agriculturist and earns for himself a comfortable competency, being now in independent circumstances. He believes in the dignity of the farmer's vocation, keeps abreast the times in all that pertains to agricultural science and manages his place in such a way as to insure the largest possible returns in exchange for the time and labor expended upon the soil. His place bears every evidence of thrift and good taste, the buildings and fences being in first-class condition, while the appearance of the well-cultivated fields testify to the care and labor devoted to them.

As a neighbor and citizen the county has no better or more worthy men than Charles T. Dye. Honest and upright in all of his dealings, courteous in his relations with his fellow men and of unsullied character, he has borne well his part in life and his influence in the community has always been potent for good. He is a reader and observer, familiar with current events, and has well-grounded opinions relative to every great public or political question now before the American people. A stanch adherent of the Republican party and taking an active interest in its behalf, he is by no means narrow or prejudiced in his views, nor has he ever been a partisan in the sense of seeking office at the hands of his fellow citizens. At the present time he is a member of the township advisory board and as such has rendered efficient service, his judgment being sound and his opinions having much weight with his associates.

Mr. Dye is identified with the Pythian fraternity, holding membership with the lodge at Leesburg. He and wife move in the best social circles of the community and are among the most intelligent and popular people of their neighborhood. Personally Mr. Dye is of pleasing address, easily approachable and he numbers his friends by the score wherever he is known. All enterprises and movements for the public good find in him a zealous friend and liberal patron.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

JOHN C. BEAGLE.
The history of the loyal sons and representative citizens of Kosciusko county would not be complete should the name that heads this review be omitted. When the fierce fire of rebellion was raging throughout the Southland, threatening to destroy the Union, he responded with patriotic fervor to the call for volunteers and in some of the bloodiest battles for which that great war was noted proved his loyalty to the government he loved so well. During a useful life in the region where he lives he has labored diligently to promote the interests of the people, working earnestly and with little regard for his personal advancement or ease. He has been devoted to the public welfare and in all of his relations his highest ambition has been to benefit the community and advance its standard of citizenship.

The birth of John Beagle occurred in Kosciusko county, Indiana, April 7, 1840. He is the son of Calvin and Isabella (Walker) Beagle, the former a native of New York and the latter descended from an old Scotch family that settled many years ago in that state. Stephen Beagle, the subject's grandfather, a New Yorker, was a cooper by trade. He married, near the place of his nativity, Elizabeth Dobin, and in June, 1836, sold his farm and migrated to Michigan, where he entered and improved one hundred and sixty acres of land. He made good improvements, became a successful tiller of the soil and spent the remainder of his life on the land which he bought from the government, dying there a number of years ago. His first wife died in New York and later he again married, the latter companion departing this life in Michigan. Stephen Beagle was the father of fourteen children, whose names are as follows: Amos, Leonard, Almon, Phoebe, Calvin, Sarah, Emily, Clarissa, Eliza, Nancy, Abigail, Anna, John and Luther.

Calvin, the fifth son and father of the subject of this sketch, was born October 21, 1811, in New York, and inherited to a marked degree many of the sturdy characteristics of the Irish and Welsh nationalities, from which his parents were descended.

On the 27th day of November, 1837, he was united in marriage to Isabella Walker and immediately thereafter arranged his affairs so as to move west, where land could be cheaply procured. Kosciusko county was in its infancy when Mr. Beagle cast his lot with its fortunes, as a resident of what is now the township of Washington. His arrival here dates from 1838, in which year he entered one hundred and twenty acres of land, erected a small log cabin, sixteen by eighteen feet in size, and began life as a pioneer. He was one of the first permanent settlers of the above township and did much to promote its material development. After living on his original purchase about eleven years he exchanged it for a farm of one hundred and twenty-nine acres in Plain township, to which he removed on the 7th day of April, 1849. He made the latter place his home until July, 1900, at which time he moved to Oswego, where he now resides.

Calvin and Isabella Beagle enjoyed a long and happy married life, the union being severed by the death of the latter after the two had traveled life's journey hand in hand for the almost unprecedented period of sixty-three years. They were the oldest couple in Plain township, if not in the county, and their long residence made them familiarly known throughout a large area of country. Subsequently Mr. Beagle married a second wife, with whom he is still living. He has reached the remarkable age of ninety years, and, like an oak in a field, has seen his companions and friends of other years about him fall one by one until he alone is left to weave the thread of personal incident with the woof of Kosciusko county's pioneer history. His life has been closely connected with this part of the state and, as indicated above, few men have been as active as he in developing the country and inducing a good class of settlers to make it their home. He has been a good man, prominent in charitable and religious work, and since his twenty-ninth year an active and consistent member of the church. By his first wife Calvin Beagle is the father of four children, Perry, John c., Luther and Evaline, all living except the last named.

John C. Beagle was reared in Kosciusko county, and remembers well when the country was new and comparatively undeveloped. No striking incident marked his life, which was spent in the woods and fields, alternating with attendance at the public schools. He received from his father an excellent training for the practical duties of life, while the sweet gentle influence of his mother had much to do in shaping his character and preparing him for those higher obligations which mark the relations of man with his fellow men. Mindful of what his parents had done for him during his childhood and youth, he remained with them until a man grown, assisting with the labors of the farm and, like a dutiful son, looking carefully after their interests. Shortly after attaining his majority he was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Phoebe Weber, who was born in Stark county, Ohio, and came with her parents to Kosciusko county when a miss of eleven years.

John C. Beagle, although a young man and just married at the time the Rebellion broke out, was fired with patriotism and could not bear to see the slightest injury offered to his country. When the struggle burst forth in all of its fury, threatening to destroy the American Union, he tendered his services to the government by enlisting in Company H, One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Bidding his young bride an affectionate farewell, he joined his command at Michigan City and from there was hurried to Nashville, Tennessee, where, with various other regiments, the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth was sent to reinforce General Sherman at Resaca, Georgia. Mr. Beagle took part in the bloody campaign in the vicinity of that Confederate stronghold and participated in several of the most noted battles before his company had received any drill or military training whatever, and for several weeks he was almost constantly under fire. After the fall of Atlanta his regiment was sent back to Nashville, arriving in time to participate in the second battle there, where General Thomas gained such a signal and crushing victory over the Confederate forces under General Hood. Subsequently he met the enemy at Kinston, Goldsboro and Raleigh, North Carolina, and at the close of the war was mustered out of the service, his discharge bearing the date of September 12, 1865.

Mr. Beagle was a brave soldier and a true patriot, his record, in the field is without a blemish and the hardships endured and dangers braved proved his loyalty to the flag for which he has a love amounting almost to reverence. He encountered the hosts of treason under many dangerous conditions, but was never known to falter in his duty and hesitated not to face the foe when to do so appeared to invite death in its most awful form. On leaving the army he returned to his home, where, as may be supposed, a most joyful welcome awaited him.

During the seven years following the close of the war Mr. Beagle was engaged in agricultural pursuits, but at the end of that time he temporarily abandoned farming and opened a grocery store in the village of North Webster. He sold goods at this place and Oswego two years and then disposed of his stock and again turned his attention to the tilling of the soil. From that time to the present he has cultivated his farm, which now consists of two hundred and nine acres, eighty of which were cleared and developed by his own labor. He is classed with the progressive farmers of Plain township, as his residence, commodious barn and other improvements, together with the splendid condition of his fields, abundantly attest.

Mr. and Mrs. Beagle are the parents of six children, namely: Mary I., wife of Alfred Ervin, of Wayne township; William H., deceased; Charley W. married Zetta Cox and lives in Montana; Russel C. married Minnie Goshorn and lives in the village of Oswego; Norman L. lives in Idaho, where he holds a lucrative position. Anna May, the youngest of the family, is a student in the 'Schools of Oswego. Mr. Beagle is a well-informed man and takes a lively interest in all great public questions of the day. Politically he has always voted with the Democratic party in national and state affairs, but locally disregards party ties and casts his ballot independently. In religion he is a Baptist, to which denomination his wife also belongs. He joined the church in 1869 and has been one of its most faithful and zealous members ever since, working diligently as a layman and in the capacity of deacon, proving a most capable and popular official. He is especially interested in the Sunday school, which he considers the most important auxiliary of the church. For a period of twenty years he has served as superintendent and assistant superintendent, a fact which speaks well for his efficiency as a leader in that important branch of religious endeavor. Fraternally he was formerly a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, but of recent years, on account of the distance which he has to go to attend, has not been a very active participant in the work of the post with which he was identified.

Personally Mr. Beagle is a gentleman of pleasing address and quiet appearance, frank and kindly in manner and popular with his friends and fellow citizens. He has led a singularly pure and clear life, never having been under the influence of any kind of intoxicants, while tobacco in any form has always been one of his especial aversions. Measured by the true standard of excellence, he is an honorable, upright, courteous Christian gentleman, true to himself and to others, and his influence in the community has always been potent for good. He gives close attention to his business affairs and has amassed a sufficiency of this world's goods to make the rest of his life comfortable and free from embarrassment. He is one of the valuable men of his neighborhood, possessing tact and discriminating judgment, and is always ready to advise others, many being eager to avail themselves of his wise suggestions in matters of business. His home is all that good taste and kindness can make it and his social and family relations are of the most pleasant and agreeable character.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

JOSEPH BLACK.
For more than fifty years the honored old pioneer and substantial citizen whose name appears above has been a resident of Kosciusko county and a prominent factor in its material growth and agricultural development. Few have been here as long as he and none have been more active during the last half century in making Prairie township one of the most enterprising and progressive sections of northern Indiana. Originally the Blacks were natives of Virginia, where the family was widely and favorably known during the colonial period. In their veins flow the blood of the English and Irish nationalities and the descendants to the present day exhibit many of the sterling qualities of those two strong and virile peoples. Samuel Black, the subject's uncle, entered the American army at the breaking out of the Revolutionary war and soon rose to the rank of captain. He served with distinction until independence was achieved, as did also his brother, John Black, who proved a brave and gallant soldier in many of the most noted battles of that historic struggle. Another brother, James Black, was born on the ancestral estate in Virginia and when a young man went to Clark county, Ohio, at that time on the verge of western civilization, and entered a tract of government land as early as the year 1811. He married in his native state a young lady by the name of Catherine Black and was an active participant in the pioneer period of Clark county. He cleared a good farm, became one of the leading agriculturists of the community in which he settled and for many years enjoyed the reputation of an enterprising and honorable citizen. James and Catherine Black lived useful lives and died on the place in Clark county, Ohio, where they originally located. They reared a family of ten children. namely: Mary, Matthew, Susan J., Catherine, Dorcas, Joseph (the subject of this review), Samuel H., James, Julia A. and John A., the majority of whom have long since gone to the other world.

Joseph Black, of this sketch, was born in Clark county, Ohio, December 21, 1823. His childhood and youthful years were spent on the home farm and in the subscription schools he received such educational training as the teachers of those days were capable of imparting. When old enough to begin life for himself he chose the ancient and honorable calling of agriculture and a little later operated a saw and grist-mill in connection with his labors on his father's farm. This was perhaps the first mill erected in Clark county and for a number of years was highly prized by the people of a large area of country, being the only place where they could obtain their supply of lumber and flour.

On obtaining his majority young Black concluded to make a tour of observation through the states of Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin, with the object in view of purchasing land, provided he could find a suitable location; accordingly in 1845 he started on horseback to what was then considered the far west. He traveled through northern Indiana, making his way to Kosciusko county via Huntington, and, being much pleased with the advantages the former presented as an agricultural region, concluded to secure land there, provided he found no more favorable location further westward. He proceeded on his trip to the then young and growing town of Chicago, thence as far northwest as Madison, Wisconsin, and before his return rode over a considerable portion of Iowa, at that time a wild, unbroken prairie with settlements few and far between. Being more than ever pleased with the fertile soil of Kosciusko county and its favorable outlook as a rich agricultural region and ultimately the center of a great population, he purchased, in the fall of 1846, one hundred and eighty-two acres of his present farm in the township of Prairie. No sooner had Mr. Black obtained possession of his land than he began preparations to improve it. In company with a comrade, one Alexander Wallace, he erected a small cabin and during the three years following the two lived together, each working on his respective place, doing their own housework and obtaining as much pleasure as possible from their isolated and lonely situation. At the end of three years Mr. Black returned to Clark county, Ohio, where, on the 20th day of December, 1849, he was united in marriage to Miss Susan Richeson, daughter of George and Prudence (Prillman) Richeson, whose parents were natives of Virginia and of Irish-English extraction. Mrs. Black's parents were early settlers of Ohio, though natives of Virginia. George Richeson was not only a brave and hardy pioneer, but also a gallant soldier in the war of 1812, in which he was an officer of high rank.

In the spring of 1850 Mr. Black and wife loaded their household effects and a few agricultural implements on a wagon and started for their new home in Kosciusko county, reaching their destination on the 25th day of April. They moved into the little house that Mr. Black had formerly occupied while "baching" and occupied it for a period of ten years, at the end of which time the present dwelling was erected. As already stated, his original purchase consisted of one hundred and eighty-two acres, which, with what movable property he had at the time of his marriage, represented a capital of about one thousand dollars. With this modest beginning and a future bright with promise, he set to work to clear his land and if possible increase his possessions and improve his worldly condition. That he has succeeded in this laudable purpose is attested by the fact of his having purchased adjoining land from time to time until he became one of the leading farmers of Prairie township, also one of its largest owners of real estate. At the present time Mr. Black is the possessor of land to the amount of four hundred and eighty acres, all valuable, and his wealth is estimated at over thirty thousand dollars. Every dollar in his possession has been earned by legitimate and honorable means and no individual in the county of Kosciusko is more entitled to the tem1 "self-made man" than he. Originally his land was densely covered with fine timber, from the sale of which in a later day he realized a large sum of money. He also appreciated the value of good live stock as a source of income and early stocked his place with fine breeds of cattle, horses and hogs, which, in addition to general farming, have been the means of building up the large fortune which he today enjoys.

Mr. Black and family experienced all the vicissitudes of hardships and sufferings which characterized the pioneer period of Kosciusko county, but, unlike many others, he refused to become discouraged and return to the more comfortable home which he left behind. For several years after coming to the new country the family suffered much from the diseases then prevalent, notably the ague in its most aggravated form; not infrequently the father, mother and children were down at the same time, with no one to alleviate their sufferings or minister to their necessities. As the population increased and the country was denuded of the forests and the swamps drained, the "shakes" gradually disappeared., but many years passed before the family were exempt from the regular attacks of malaria.

Mr. Black worked hard and honorably earned the reputation he today enjoys as one of the leading farmers and prominent citizens of Prairie township. It is needless to say that he is held in highest esteem in the community, for he has thrown the farce of his individuality and his sterling integrity into making the country what it is and his efforts have not failed of appreciation on the part of the local public. His name will ever be inseparably linked with that of Prairie township, whose interests could have no more zealous and indefatigable promoter. He and wife are among the oldest, best-known and highly respected people of the community where they live and their influence has ever been exerted to the end that the world might be made better by their presence.

In politics Mr. Black exercises his franchise in support of the Democratic party. He cast his first presidential ballot for James K. Polk and from that time to the present has not failed to vote for his party candidates, unless sickness prevented him going to the polls. He has always been an active worker and upon several occasions was the party's choice for county commissioner, but, the county being strongly Republican, he failed of election. Mr. and Mrs. Black are zealous members of the United Brethren church, belonging to what is known as the liberal or progressive part of that body. He is liberal in his support of the church and no worthy charitable abject or benevolent enterprise had ever appealed to him in vain.

The family of Joseph and Susan Black consists of six children, whose names and dates of birth are as follows: Clarinda A., December 19, 1850, is unmarried and makes her home with her parents; Edward G., May 18, 1852, married Mary Richie and lives in Seward township; Salem J., July 9, 1854, married Catherine Kimes and lives in Plain township; Sarah C., December 23, 1856, wife of Willis Boggess, a farmer and stack raiser of Prairie township; Cynthia A., March 7, 1859, unmarried and lives at home ; James R, whose birth occurred January 3, 1861, married Catherine Borkert and is a resident of Prairie township.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

ANDREW W. ROSBRUGH.
The subject of this review is a well-to-do farmer and worthy citizen and an honorable representative of one of Kosciusko County's oldest families. His father, Jacob Rosbrugh, a native of Ohio, went to Michigan when a young man and there married Malissa Grubb, who was also of Ohio birth. As early as the spring of 1834 Mr. Rosbrugh moved to Kosciusko county and settled in the woods of what is now Plain township, where he entered a quarter section of land, only half of which he succeeded in saving. He was one of the earliest pioneers of that part of the county in which he located and in time became one of the substantial farmers of the community and a leading citizen of the township. He reared, a large family of eleven children, namely: William, Benaiah, Andrew W., Susan, Julia, Cornelia, Olive, Jane, Malissa, Eliza and Stephen.

Andrew W. Rosbrugh is a native of Kosciusko county, born an the 6th day of August, 1841. When a mere boy he learned how to wield an ax and as he advanced in years became unusually skilled in handling that implement, being able while still in his 'teens to do a man's work in cutting cord wood, making rails or in any other kind of labor pertaining to wood-craft. When in his prime to cut and put up from the green two cords of wood he considered an ordinary day's work and now, although nearly sixty years of age, he can still swing the ax with much of his former vigor, easily cutting his two cords a day without experiencing a great deal of fatigue or discomfort. He was a valuable assistant to his father in clearing the farm and later took much of the labor of cultivating the fields upon his own shoulders, proving a dutiful son as long as he remained under the parental roof.

Mr. Rosbrugh stayed with his parents until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company I, Thirtieth Indiana Infantry, for three years or during the war. About six months after entering the army he was taken seriously sick and for a number of weeks was under the physician's care in a hospital at Bowling Green, Kentucky. His sickness not yielding to treatment, he was subsequently discharged and as soon as able to travel was sent home, where, after long and careful nursing, his former good health gradually came back to him. He still suffers at times from the effects of the illness contracted while in the service, in consequence of which he is now the recipient of a monthly pension of eight dollars.

Mr. Rosbrugh early decided to become a farmer and began life for himself on forty-five acres in Plain township which he purchased some time after returning from the army. By diligence and much hard work he brought his little farm to a high state of cultivation and in due time was enabled to purchase other real estate until he now is the owner of one hundred and thirty-five acres and a fraction acres which, under his labors and successful management, has been made one of the best farms in the township of Plain.

As a tiller of the soil Mr. Rosbrugh is up to date and familiar with every detail of modern farming. His improvements are first class, his dwelling comfortable and supplied with many of the conveniences which make country life pleasant and desirable, and the well-tilled fields, the general appearance of the premises and the condition of the implements and live stock bespeak the attention and care which are bestowed upon the place. Mr. Rosbrugh has surrounded himself with many of the comforts of life and believes in getting all the good out of the world there is in it. Financially he is in independent circumstances, with something laid by for a rainy day, and within a short time will be able to retire from active life with a sufficient competence for his declining years.

Mr. Rosbrugh has been twice married, the first time to Miss Minerva Richie, who bore him one child, Effie, now the wife of James G. Kelly. Some time after the death of his first wife, the subject chose for a companion Ettie Barrick, daughter of John T. and Hettie (Grove) Barrick, the marriage being solemnized on the 26th day of February, 1885. Mrs. Rosbrugh was born August 4, 1866, in Kosciusko county and is a lady of many sterling qualities, highly respected by a large circle of friends and acquaintances and noted for her domestic virtues and for the wholesome moral influence she exerts in the community. She is the mother of six children: Elnora, born August 23, 1887; Hazel F., born May 7, 1889; Cora E., born October 17, 1891; Edna D., born May 3, 1893; William C. and William F., twins, whose births occurred on the 7th day of March, 1897. Mrs. Rosbrugh is a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, but her husband is not identified with any ecclesiastical organization, although a believer in the religion of the Bible and a liberal contributor to the support of the gospel.

Politically Mr. Rosbrugh is a Republican and for a number of years past has been quite an active worker in the party. He reads much, forms his opinions after mature deliberations, and is one of the well posted men of his neighborhood and community. He is not wanting in moral qualities of a high order, candor and probity marking all of his intercourses with his fellow citizens, and he is today pronounced one of the worthiest men of the township of which he has been a lifelong resident. He is eminently social with his neighbors, possesses a personality that attracts friends and in conversation is always characterized by good sense and solidity. Plain and unassuming in demeanor, he is respected by all who know him and in a quiet way has exerted a good influence upon all with whom he comes in contact.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

NOAH PUNTENNEY.
Change is constant and general, generations rise and pass unmarked away, and it is due to posterity, as well as a present gratification, to gather up and put in imperishable form upon the printed page as nearly as possible a true and succinct record of the parent's life.

Noah Puntenney, of this review, has long been numbered with the enterprising and substantial men of Kosciusko county, and a brief outline of his career from the time when, a friendless orphan, he was put to his wits end to obtain the bare necessities of life, to his present high standing as one of the leading agriculturists of northern Indiana, cannot fail to be interesting as well as instructive to the young men into whose cradle smiling fortune has cast no gilded scepter. Mr. Puntenney is one of Kosciusko county's native sons, his natal day being May 31st, of the year 1842. When the subject was a small boy his father died, leaving a widow and six small children on a little backwoods farm in Prairie township, consisting of forty acres, but a small part of which was at the time in cultivation. To care for her offspring and furnish them with the plainest necessities taxed to the utmost the kind mother's ingenuity and resources and until her second marriage hard, grinding toil was her lot and not infrequently did hunger knock at her humble cottage door.

With the advent of a step-father affairs for a time changed for the better, but within a few years the kind, patient mother went the way of all the living, again leaving her offspring to the cold charities of a selfish and unfeeling world. Young Noah was thus early thrown upon his resources and for some time thereafter, to use the language of another, "was kicked and cuffed from pillar to post," hardly knowing one day how the next day's food and shelter were to be obtained. Fortunately for him an uncle living in Ohio, learning of the dire straits to which the children were reduced, came and took him and his two brothers to his own home, where they we're cared for until able to shift for themselves. When the subject became a member of his kinsman's family he was a lad of thirteen years, and he remained under that gentleman's hospitable roof until his fifteenth year, at which time he returned to Indiana and secured employment as a farm hand. Meantime his opportunities for acquiring an education were exceedingly meager, at best being limited to a few weeks' attendance, now and then, upon the poor subscription schools which obtained in northern Indiana a half century ago.

Mr. Puntenney continued in the capacity of a farm laborer unti1twenty years old, and on attaining his majority went, in the spring of 1863, to Colorado and took up a claim, with the object in view of engaging in agriculture and stock raising. Not long after reaching the territory he became imbued with patriotic fervor to enter the service of the government to assist in crushing the rebellion, which was then at its height; accordingly, in August of the following year, he became a member of Company G, Third Colorado Cavalry. This regiment was recruited for the hundred-days service and Mr. Puntenney remained with his command until the expiration of his period of enlistment, December 29, of the same year, after which he returned to his claim and resumed farming. The following three years were marked by a large influx of immigrants to all parts of the western territories, causing improved lands to increase rapidly in value. Seeing a favorable opportunity to dispose of his farm at a liberal figure, Mr. Puntenney, in the spring of 1867, sold out and returned to Kosciusko county, where he was united in marriage on the 16th day of April, that year, to Miss Electa Guy, of Prairie township, daughter of Major James and Nancy (Headley) Guy. Mrs. Puntenney's father was a native of Virginia and served with distinction in the war of 1812, as major of a regiment from the Old Dominion state. His father came to America from England in an early day and settled in Virginia, where his death occurred a great many years ago. After his marriage Major Guy moved to Ohio, thence a number of years later to Kosciusko county, w here he and wife spent the remainder of their days, both dying in Prairie township, of which they were early settlers. Of their seventeen children Mrs. Puntenney was next to the youngest, and her life in the main has been spent within the limits of her native county.

After his marriage Mr. Puntenney began farming in Prairie township on land leased for the purpose, and he continued as a renter until 1876. In that year he purchased one hundred and twenty acres of unimproved land in Tippecanoe township, from which, in due time, by hard and long continued efforts, he developed a fine farm. His improvements are now among the best and most valuable in his part of the county, consisting of a fine dwelling and barn, good outbuildings and fences, while the original fertility of the soil has been maintained and in places greatly enhanced by a successful system of drainage, containing at the present time over eight hundred rods of tiling. There are no more methodical or successful tillers of the soil in Kosciusko county than Noah Puntenney, all conceding his high standing as an enterprising and progressive agriculturist. Not only as a farmer and business man is he considered representative, but in all that constitutes nobility of character and good citizenship he has long occupied a conspicuous place in the community. He is an able financier, his judgment being seldom at fault in matters of business policy, and he may justly he regarded as a notable example of the exercise of those correct principles which win success and earn for their possessor the respect and confidence of the people.

Mr. and Mrs. Puntenney have been blessed with three children. viz.: Harriet, born March 29, 1868, is the wife of E. F. Morehead; Fannie J.,who was born November 11, 1871, married B. S. Cretchee, a farmer and stock raiser of Washington township; Mary M., the youngest, whose birth occurred on the 17th day of May, 1874, is the wife of John Elder, one of Prairie township's successful husbandmen. In addition to their own children, Mr. and Mrs. Puntenney took to their hearts and homes, some years ago two orphan brothers, Lewis R. and Roscoe Peterson, inmates of an orphan asylum, whom they have cared for with the same love and elevation that marked the training of their own offspring. They are still living with their foster parents.

Mr. Puntenney has been a stanch Democrat ever since old enough to wield the elective franchise and still takes an active part in political affairs, working earnestly for his and sparing no reasonable pains to promote its success. He is an intelligent observer and careful reader, keeping himself fully informed relative to the great questions and issues of the times, and has the courage of his convictions upon all matters, political, secular and religious. His fraternal relations include the Grand Army of the Republic and Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his religious faith is represented by the creed of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is zealous in religious work, having served for a number of years as class leader and steward of the congregation to which he and his wife belongs, and he is also an active worker in the Sunday school, serving for some time in the capacity of superintendent.

Mr. Puntenney believes in using the means with which he has been blessed to worthy and noble ends, consequently he is quite a liberal contributor to the church and has given with a free hand to promote other enterprises having for their object the moral elevation of humanity. He and his estimable wife are very popular in their neighborhood, because of their many kindly acts of charity, and the township in which they have their home can boast of no better or more worthy couple. Born in poverty's humble vale, rocked in the cradle of adversity and educated in the rugged school of self-reliance, Mr. Puntenney knows how to sympathize with the poor and unfortunate, and his life has been marked by a broad and generous Christian charity which in its scope takes in all those whose lots have been cast in environments tending to discourage and dishearten. His life has always been a blessing and benediction to mankind.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

JOHN F. POUND.
The gentleman to whom attention is directed in this review has attained pronounced prestige by reason of his social and commercial high standing in Kosciusko county, and also as an official of his township. Mr. Pound is one of the representative men of Plain township and for some years past has been prominently identified with the industrial and business interests of Kosciusko county. He takes a deep and abiding interest in everything pertaining to the material advancement of the township in which he resides and every enterprise intended to promote the advancement of Kosciusko county is sure to receive his hearty support He is rated as one of the progressive citizens of the community in which he lives, and the high respect in which he is held by all classes of people is a deserving compliment to an intelligent, broad-minded and most worthy man.

Mr. Pound is a native of Ohio, having been born in Montgomery county, that state, on the 2nd of March, 1852. His father, Philip Pound, was a native of Germany, born in Wurtemberg May 16, 1815, and immigrated to America with his parents when four years of age, settling in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where he grew to maturity. He came to Montgomery county, Ohio, in 1839 and there met and married Rosannah Martin, who was a native of that state. He purchased eighty acres of land on the Troy pike, about seven miles north of Dayton, where he afterwards resided for a number of years. His wife, the mother of the subject, died while living here, in December, 1853, and he subsequently married Anna Wolf. In 1859 he moved to Elkhart county, Indiana, where he purchased one hundred acres of land near Goshen, on which he settled and resided eleven years. Whi1e living here he was again bereaved of his wife, who died in March, 1862. In 1864 he married Elizabeth Brown. In 1870 he sold out his interests in Elkhart county and moved to Kosciusko county, purchasing one hundred and twenty acres of land near Oswego, Plain township, on which he afterwards resided until his death, which occurred in January, 1891. He was an intelligent and enterprising man, a great reader, and was noted for his remarkable memory.

He was a Republican in politics and always took an active interest in the success of his party, though never an aspirant for public favors. He was the father of eight children, of whom four grew to maturity, viz.: Mary C. (now deceased), Sarah E. and John F., by his first marriage, and Jacob H. by his second marriage.

John F. Pound, the subject of this review, came with his father to Elkhart county, and from thence to Kosciusko county in 1870, where he has practically made his home ever since. He was educated in the common schools of Elkhart and this county and at the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, from which institution he was graduated in 1876. He afterward engaged in teaching school in Elkhart and Kosciusko counties for fifteen years, more or less, having also taught six winters previous to his graduation. In 1880 he purchased ninety acres of land in section 34, Plain township, on which he settled and engaged in farming, though he continued to teach school during the winter months. In 1889 he purchased the general store and property of Charles L. White, at Oswego, Indiana, which he took charge of in March of that year, and has resided here ever since, doing a successful business. On coming here he was appointed postmaster of this place and held the office until 1898, when he resigned and accepted an appointment as trustee of Plain township, to fill the unexpired term of Charles L. White, and in 1900 he was elected to that office for a four-years term. In this capacity he is now serving, and has proven himself to he one of the most efficient and faithful officials that has ever served the people of Plain township. Mr. Pound is an ardent supporter of the Republican party, to which he has given much of his energies and from which, as already stated, he has received marks of favor. He enters into political work with the same force and energy that characterize his efforts in business affairs. He stands well with the opposition and numbers among his closest personal friends and warmest admirers many who are as radically Democratic as he is Republican. Fraternally he is a member of St. Leon Lodge, No. 192, K. of P., of Leesburg, in which he stands high.

Mr. Pound was united in marriage at Oswego, Indiana, September 24, 1884, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah J. Denman, a native of this county who was born August 31, 1850. She is a daughter of Rev. Abner and Harriet M. (Wade) Denman, who were both natives of Ohio, though among the early settlers of Kosciusko county. Rev. Denman was previously married, while in Ohio, to Sarah J. Crane, who bore him one child, Abner C., who died in infancy. This wife lived only about one year after their marriage, then passed to the other world. Subsequently Rev. Denman came to Kosciusko county and settled in Oswego, where he met and married Miss Wade. He was a Baptist minister and had charge of the Oswego church and also the church at Warsaw for a number of years before his death, which occurred April 20, 1852. His widow subsequently married William Gunter and at present resides in Plain township. Two children were born to her union with Rev. Denman, Sarah J. and Mariah E. Mrs. Pound was educated in the public schools of this county and at the Shepardson College at Granville, Ohio, from which institution she graduated in 1882. She began teaching school when nineteen years of age and taught consecutively until 1888, with the exception of four years spent in the Shepardson College. Mrs. Pound is a consistent member of the Baptist church, in which she has been a member since her seventeenth year. She is at present postmistress of Oswego, having received the appointment at the time her husband resigned in 1898, and has held the office ever since. To Mr. and Mrs. Pound have been born two children, Philip Harold, born June 8, 1888, and Adria Athena, September 16, 1895. Both are bright and promising children and stand at the head of their classes in school, the elder having graduated from the common schools of his district in 1901. Mr. and Mrs. Pound are refined and congenial people and are highly esteemed by all who have had the good fortune to meet them.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902

OLIVER WRIGHT.
To sketch the life of a busy man of affairs and in a manner to throw a well- focussed light upon the principal events of his life is the task in hand in portraying the career of Oliver Wright, of Leesburg. On the 15th day of March, 1902, he turned his fifty-eighth mile stone on life's journey, and is now in the zenith of the powers, physically and mentally, a strong, symmetrically developed man and worthy citizen of the thriving little town in which he has his home. The American branch of the Wright family appears to have originated in Pennsylvania, in which state the subject's grandparents were born and reared. In an early day they migrated to Hocking county, Ohio, where Robert Wright, father of Oliver, was born, and later moved to Indiana, settling in the county of Grant. When a young man Robert Wright took up his abode in Wabash county, moving thither about the year 1852, shortly after his marriage, in Grant county, to Miss Margaret Wright, whose family name was the same as his own, though they were in no wise related. He purchased eighty acres in the county of Wabash, which he cultivated four years, and then disposed of the place and returned to the county of Grant, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying in the year 1848. His widow subsequently remarried and is now living in Kansas. Robert and Margaret Wright had two children, the subject of this review and Elisha, the latter dying when five years old.

Oliver Wright is a native of Indiana, born in the county of Wabash on the 5th day of March, 1844. Reared in the country on a farm, he spent the years of his childhood and early youth in healthful outdoor exercise and upon his mind were early impressed the lessons of industry and thrift by which his subsequent years have been characterized. He attended the common schools of winter seasons until sixteen years of age and then left home to make his own way in the world. He first obtained employment as a farm laborer and after working as such for a short time in his native county came to the county of Kosciusko, where he spent one summer at monthly wages. Returning to Wabash county, he continued farm work for a period of six years, at the expiration of which time he came back to Kosciusko and secured employment on a large farm near the town of Milford. In the vicinity of Milford were then living William and Mary E. Dillon and their family, one of the children being a daughter, Sarah J., between whom and young Wright a \warm friendship soon sprang up. This finally ripened into a tender attachment which in due time terminated in marriage, which was solemnized on the 18th day of July, 1863. Mrs. Wright's parents are of German descent; they came to this county from Pennsylvania and rented in the township of Van Buren.

At the time of his marriage Mr. Wright had little means and was dependent for a livelihood upon any honorable employment to which he could turn his hands. After working for some time at various kinds of labor he turned his attention to stone masonry and soon became quite skilled in that line, so much so that his services were in great demand in various parts of the country. Always industrious and economical, he soon had all the work he could do and by carefully saving his earnings was able, in the spring of 1882, to purchase the comfortable home in Leesburg which he now occupies.

On moving to Leesburg Mr. Wright effected a copartnership in the butcher business with Cyrus Long, which after a short time was dissolved by the subject purchasing the latter's interest and becoming sole proprietor. He also bought the transfer business of the town, which he ran for some time in connection with his meat market, owning the only drays in the place and doing a very lucrative business in that line. Subsequently he disposed of his meat market, and since then has elevated his entire time to the transferring business, which has continued to grow in magnitude and importance until he now has all he can possibly do, realizing a handsome income.

Mr. Wright is in all respects a self-made man and justly entitled to mention among the enterprising and progressive citizens of the community in which he lives. No one who knows him will question his unsullied integrity, his unselfish devotion to duty or his intense desire to promote by every means at his command the good of the public, materially and morally. Unpretentious, he has lived so as to make his fellow men better, while his agreeable manners and amiable disposition have won for him in a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens of Leesburg and country adjacent thereto.

Mr. Wright is a Democrat in politics, having supported the principles and doctrines of that party ever since old enough to cast a ballot. While not a member of any church, he has a religious observance of truth, a righteous hatred of wrong and a warm sympathy for mankind. He respects ecclesiastical organizations for the good influence they exert in winning man to a better plan of living, but has little regard for the many theological theories which divide the world into so many contending religious factions. He is a well-informed man, with a most retentive memory, everything which he reads being stored in a mind which has been wel1 disciplined by much thought and observation.

Mr. Wright is an ardent and earnest advocate of temperance. He has never been under the influence of any kind of intoxicants and believes the drink habit to be the great crying evil of the day. His private life and character have been free from vice of any description and his reputation as an honorable, upright man is and always has been such as to merit the respect of his fellow men. In addition to his regular business he has charge of the express office at Leesburg. His high standing is such that the company requires no bond from him, although he handles much valuable merchandise, while thousands of dollars every year pass through his hands.

Mr. and Mrs. Wright are the parents of five children: Mary E., born October 7, 1865, is the wife of Henry Matthews, of Turkey Creek township; Dora E. was born in the year 1867 and died in July, 1881; William D., who was born in June, 1869, married Ella K. Cadey and lives in the township of Turkey Creek; Ida E. married E. E.. Strely, a hardware merchant of Syracuse; Norman, born June 31, 1878, is still with his parents. Mrs. Wright is a lady of many estimable traits, popular with all who know her and for some years has been an active worker in the Baptist church of Leesburg.

Progressive Men and Women of Kosciusko County, Indiana
B. F. Bowen, Publisher
Logansport, Indiana
1902