Elisha Havens. The record of no Indiana business man perhaps indicates more clearly what can be accomplished when energy, determination and ambition lead the way than that of the late Elisha Havens, who for fifty-eight years was identified with the mercantile interests of the state, and for nearly a quarter of a century was an honored resident of Indianapolis. The career which closed with the death of Mr. Havens was typically American, and is most interesting and significant, for never was a man's success due more to his own native ability and less to outward circumstances. Nothing came to him by chance. He reached his high position in the commercial world through no favors of influential friends, but worked his way up from the bottom rung of the business ladder by sheer pluck and marked ability, and the story of his life cannot fail to interest and inspire the young man who has regard for honorable manhood and an appreciation for wise and intelligent use of opportunity on the part of the individual. Mr. Havens was born in Columbus, Ohio, May 12, 1846, and came of a prominent old established family of that state. In his early childhood his parents moved to a farm on the old National Road east of Greenup, Illinois, and here his boyhood was spent upon the farm where his time was divided between acquiring an education in the country schools and doing his share of the heavy work entailed in developing a farm in those pioneer days . Here he learned the lesson of constant application which characterized his long and successful business career as head of one of the largest and most reliable wholesale mercantile concerns in the middle west. In 1862, when sixteen years of age, he went to Terre Haute, Indiana, where he entered a business college and there completed his education. As a youth he manifested unusual business talent, and after leaving college in 1864, he secured a position as bookkeeper with the wholesale notion house of Jeffers & Miller of that place. This alliance proved most valuable, and was destined to have an important influence in directing his subsequent activities. He was the sole employe of the firm and not only acted as its bookkeeper, but served in various capacities, in which he proved himself efficient and reliable. As a means of conserving his limited income, he occupied a cot in the rear of the store and his time was devoted to learning the business and to the interests of his employers . His efficiency and progressive spirit soon gained him advancement, and at the age of nineteen he became the New York buyer for the firm, gaining the distinction of being the youngest buyer in the eastern market. His early opportunity to visit the eastern metropolises brought him into contact with many men who were conspicuous in the nation's history at the close of the Civil War, among whom were President Lincoln, Generals Grant and Sherman, with whom he had a personal acquaintance, and at the time President Lincoln's body lay in state in the old State Capitol at Columbus, Ohio, he served as one of the guards. In 1870 Mr. Havens was admitted to partnership in the firm of Jeffers & Miller and became one of the active factors in the management of its affairs. A year later he became associated with Robert Geddes in the purchase of the business, and the name was changed to Havens & Geddes and was operated as a partnership until 1892, when it was incorporated under its present title, Mr. Havens becoming president. This great concern moved to Indianapolis nearly a quarter of a century ago, after having suffered heavy fire losses at Terre Haute, and during the ensuing years its development and advancement have kept pace with the marvelous progress of the city, and its status has long been one of prominence in connection with the representative commercial activities of the country. For more than half a century Mr. Havens devoted his time and energy to the building up of this splendid enterprise, and its present prosperity may be attributed in no small degree to his quiet faithfulness and untiring efforts. He was a man of marked initiative ability and resourcefulness and impregnated with the vital elements of worthy success every enterprise with which he was identified, and during the many years of his residence in Indiana he wielded definite and benignant influence both as a citizen and as a man of splendid business ability. Loyal and public spirited in his civic attitude, he gave generously of his time and means to charitable movements and all matters tending to the public good, and his high-minded conception of a man's duty to his follow man and his quiet and unswerving allegiance to the principles of good citizenship were traits which especially distinguished him. Aside from being a member of the board of directors of the Indiana National Bank for a number of years, Mr. Havens was not associated with any other organization or business than his own. For many years he was an active member of the Chamber of Commerce and Columbia Club. He was also a member of the Baptist Church in Terre Haute, but at the time he moved to Indianapolis he did not transfer his membership. He had a great capacity for friendship, which was always founded upon frankness, yet was thoughtful and kind, and he abhorred sham and deceit. In business life he was alert, sagacious and reliable; as a citizen he was honorable, prompt and true to every engagement, and his death, which occurred March 1, 1922, removed from Indianapolis a valued citizen. On October 10, 1870, Mr. Havens was united in marriage with Miss Fannie Benson, and two daughters survive this marriage: Mrs. Harry C. Kahlo and Mrs. Fred B. Brown, both of Indianapolis. Mrs. Havens, who was a native of Terre Haute, Indiana, is also deceased, her death having occurred in 1917. She was a woman of exceptional mental capacity and much beauty of character, and contributed much to her husband's success and happiness. Her kind heart and sympathetic nature was evident in many ways, and she was closely associated with her husband in their labors, for furthering useful, helpful and elevating institutions.

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History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Robert Geddes. For nearly a quarter of a century Robert Geddes was a resident of Indianapolis and for more than half a century he was an active factor in the mercantile affairs of the state. He was born on a farm near Casey, Illinois, December 24, 1844, and his early education was obtained in the public schools of that community. He later went to Marshall, Illinois, where he pursued a course of study in a college and completed his education at that place. Returning to Casey, he taught school for three winters and then went to Terre Haute, Indiana, where he found employment for a time with U. R. Jeffers. He later accepted a position with Chambers, Stevens & Company, of Cincinnati, as traveling salesman, but the following year he returned to Terre Haute and engaged with the firm of Jeffers & Miller in the same capacity, and remained with this concern until the reorganization under the firm name of Havens & Geddes, of which he became a member, his partner being the late Elisha Havens, of whom a sketch will be found elsewhere in this work. Upon the incorporation of the business in 1892, he was elected vice-president and treasurer, and filled that position until the time of his death. He continued to travel for a number of years, covering the territory from Terre Haute, through Greenup, Effingham, Pana, Shelbyville, Mattoon, Sullivan and Charleston, returning through Paris, making journeys of five to six weeks' duration, with the aid of a fourhorse team. With the development of business of the new firm, Mr. Geddes devoted his time and energy to the management of sales and credits, while Mr. Havens directed the financing and purchasing branches of the industry, and to this splendid combination of talent may be attributed the wonderful success of the business. For a period of more than fifty years these two gentlemen stood together in the development of a single enterprise which dates back to the pioneer epoch in the history of merchandising. From a small beginning they lived to reap the fruits of their labors and realize their highest ambitions as heads of an establishment which ranks among the highest in the merchandising field of today. Mr. Geddes served for many yean as a member of the board of directors of the National Wholesale Dry Goods Association. He was also a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Columbia, Commercial, Woodstock and Country clubs, and while living at Terre Haute he was instrumental in organizing the first Board of Trade of that place and was its first president. He also served as a member of its board of directors for many years. He died January 20, 1922. On December 19, 1878, Mr. Geddes was united in marriage with Miss Gertrude Parker, a native of Illinois, and they became the parents of three children: Robert P., Felix R. and R. Wentworth, the last named having died at the age of four years. Mrs. Geddes still maintains her home at Indianapolis. She is a member of the Caroline Scott Harrison chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution and is active in all measures for the betterment of existing conditions. During the World War she gave her house over to Red Cross units five days each week for two years. She also knitted for the Rainbow Cheer Association, looked up boys who had no one to look after them, and was helpful in various other ways in war time activities.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Augustus Bruner. Often what seems at the time of its happening to be a misfortune turns out to be, in fact, a blessing in disguise. Had not Augustus Bruner suffered from an attack of ill health during his youth, which necessitated his living a life in the open air, he might have accepted an offer to enter the study of law, and while he possibly could have attained success in that profession, it is doubtful if he could have duplicated the services which he has rendered to the city of Indianapolis as a contractor and public official. Mr. Bruner was born in Canada, April 19, 1841, a son of Philip Bruner, also a Canadian by birth, who moved with his family to Northern Illinois when Augustus was a small child. The latter acquired a public school education, and when about twenty-one years of age enlisted for service in the Union army during the Civil War, becoming a member of the Seventy-fourth Infantry, in the ranks of which he rose to sergeant. He served until the close of the struggle between the North and South, took part in the Grand Review, and was in Washington at the time of the assassination of President Lincoln. Because of the intense excitement brought about in the capital because of this event, the authorities decided it was best to retain a number of the seasoned troops in Washington to prevent serious trouble. Mr. Bruner remained in Washington for a week at that time and then came immediately to Indianapolis, where for a time he was engaged in the grocery business. He had been offered a chance to study law, but his army experience had broken his health to some extent, and accordingly he turned to sewer contracting, a field of endeavor in which he has won remarkable success. At the age of eighty-two years, because of observing the rules of right living and exercising the power of mind over matter he is healthy, active and vigorous. Among some of Mr. Bruner's larger contracts may be mentioned: the Washington Street sewer, North Pennsylvania Street sewer, Virginia Avenue sewer, Missouri Street sewer, the Shelby Street sewer and the Kentucky Avenue sewer into the river, on which last-named contract he used twenty-eight bricklayers. He also constructed the sewer systems of Rockford, Danville and Peoria, Illinois. He has been successful in the completion of all the jobs for which he has contracted, although at times he has followed his own convictions and gone against the advice of engineers and architects. He has been interested in several other enterprises, having been at one time president of the Munger Bicycle company and owner of the Indianapolis Pottery company, in which latter connection he furnished 14,000,000 for the present State House. He was the inventor of an underground conduit for electric wires, a sewer pipe imbedded in concrete, which he patented in 1884, as he did also an invention of the same nature but lacking the pipe. Other inventions have been a gas regulator and a machine for making bricks out of coal dust. He has always been interested in the affairs of his adopted city and is one of very few living of the 1,000 original charter members of the Indianapolis Board of Trade. Likewise he is the last surviving charter member, of which there were forty-three, of Indianapolis Post, Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. Bruner holds Republican tendencies and was active in public affairs about the time that Dan McCauly occupied the mayoralty. A large part of his time has been given over to an attempted correction of political evils. From 1868 until 1872 he served as street commissioner of Indianapolis, and during his entire term in this office spent less money than his predecessor had during the last year of his term. He likewise served in the capacity of United States gauger, and during the time of the liquor trouble at Indianapolis was retained on several secret missions of importance. Mr. Bruner was married December 18, 1865, to Miss Anna M. Loucks, a daughter of James and Permelia (VanLaningham) Loucks, natives respectively of New York and Clark county, Indiana, who located at Indianapolis in 1821 and 1822, and were married March 6, 1834. They were the parents of five children: Elizabeth, who married George Bennett, and are both deceased, Florinda, who married Leander DeMoss, and are also both deceased; Anna M., wife of Mr. Bruner; Lydia Ellen who married O. B. Boardman, and are both deceased; and Harriet P., widow of George Prier, and resides at Los Angeles, California. James Loucks was a contractor and did work on the old bridge over White River on West Washington street, but during the latter years of his life was an invalid. He also served for a time as sealer of weights and measures at Indianapolis, and was a man of sterling qualities. In his political affiliations he was a stalwart Republican, and always took an active part in the success of his party. John Taffe, uncle of Permelia (VanLaningham) Loucks, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Mr. and Mrs. Bruner celebrated their Golden Wedding anniversary December 18, 1915. They are members of Roberts Park Methodist Episcopal Church, and are numhered among the representative citizens of Indianapolis.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Frank T. Callon. The career of Frank T. Callon affords all example of the self-reliant American-born citizen who has steadily advanced, entirely through his own efforts, from a humble position to one of prominence, and his success ought to prove stimulating to the younger generation. At present he and his brother Harry A., are engaged in business as plumbing and heating engineers and contractors, with headquarters at 24 South Alabama street. He was born at Indianapolis, March 23, 1866, and his educational training was confined to that afforded by the public schools. His first employment was that of running an elevator in the Vance Building, corner of Virginia and Washington streets. Subsequently he was a clerk for Knight & Jillson on South Pennsylvania, and rose in the employ of that company to be foreman, and sti1l later operated an ice machine. In 1897 he went into business for himself, as a plumber, at 17 Alabama, but later moved to Number 19, and now occupies the quarters at Number 24, that same thoroughfare. As the years passed, he branched out, and now his firm is recognized as one of the largest and most reliable in the city. Among other buildings on which he and his brother have done the plumbing and heating work may be mentioned the Nordyke and Marmon, the G. and J. branch of the United States Rubber company, the La Salle Hotel of 250 rooms at South Bend, Indiana, the Greystone Inn of 250 rooms at Bedford, Indiana, Meyer-Keiser Bank, and the Elks Clubhouse. Mr. Callon is a Republican. He belongs to the Columbia and Marion clubs, and the Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce. He is a York Rite and Scottish Rite Mason, and belongs to the Mystic Shrine and to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. To his marriage with Miss Pearl Shipley of Indianapolis, the following children have been born: Harry, Gail B., Russel, Elizabeth, Frank Jr., Milton and Virginia. During the late war Gail Callon served in France with the One Hundred and Fiftieth Field Artillery for twenty-two months, and was honorably discharged from the service. The work of Mr. Callon and his brother is recognized to be excellent, and the partners are noted for carrying out their contracts with strict fidelity to the spirit as well as the letter of the provisions.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Charles F. Campbell, president of the Madden-Copple company, Incorporated, is one of the best-known and experienced garagemen of his part of Indianapolis, and his fair dealing and excellent service attract to his establishment a splendid patronage. He was born at Sidney, Ohio, May 11, 1884, son of Theodore F. and Mary E. Campbell, both natives of Ohio. A school teacher and traveling salesman, the father spent the greater part of his life in Ohio. Following his completion of his studies in high school, Charles F. Campbell entered an apprenticeship in a machine shop owned by a railroad. Later he took up electrical work with the Chase Construction company and continued with the latter concern until 1906. In that year he returned to mechanical work, and as the automobile came into general use, turned his abilities into this field. He had come to Indianapolis, in 1906, and was first in the employ of Nordyke & Marmon. A year later he went with the National Motor company, and in succession was with the Overland people, and the Buick corporation. From his connection with the last-named grew his present business which was organized in 1911 as the outgrowth of the Buick service department. The garage is a large and well-equipped establishment. Mr. Campbell came to it as foreman, and took over the business in 1919, and secured the controlling part of the stock in 1921. His long connection with the automobile business, and his expertness in mechanics, enable him to wisely and successfully conduct his business and make it a paying proposition. These qualities are essential, especially in a line where the competition is so intense. He is also a useful citizen, and maintains membership with the Chamber of Commerce, the Marion Club, and votes conscientiously for the candidates of the Republican party. A churchman, he belongs to the Tabernacle Church. In February, 1916, he was married to Mayme Glenn of Indianapolis, and they have one son, C. Edward.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Fermor Spencer Cannon, one of the dependable architects and prominent citizens of Indianapolis, has won his present position through his own efforts. He was born at Indianapolis, August 4, 1888, son of William Taylor Cannon, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. After attending the common schools of the city he became a student of Shortridge high school, and was graduated therefrom in 1907, following which he matriculated at the University of Illinois, and was graduated therefrom in 1911 with the degree of Bachelor of Science. Returning to Indianapolis he spent a year in the employ of Herbert Bass, architect. In 1913 he went into business for himself. He has taken up special work at Columbia University, and is recognized as a high-grade man in his profession, and one who keeps thoroughly abreast of all advances made in it. During the period of the war he was with the L. E. and W. Capitol, in railroad administration work which gave him a very valuable experience. He belongs to the University Club and Columbia Club, is one of the original members of the Optimist Club, the Indianapolis Architects Association, the Indiana Society of Architects, American Institute of Architecture, is chairman of the advisory committee of the Indiana State Building Council, is a director of the United States Small House Service Bureau, a director of the Railroadmen's Building & Savings Association, and is interested in many fields of endeavor. While he is a Republican, he reserves the right to vote for the man he believes best fitted for the office in question. The Second Presbyterian Church of Indianapolis holds his membership, and he is one of its deacons. May 29, 1913 he was married to Mary L., daughter of Dr. W. F. M. Coss, former dean of the engineering department of the University of Illinois, and now president of the Railway Car Manufacturers' Association and a resident of New York City.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

John W. Carmack, M. D., who is a well-known practitioner of medicine at Indianapolis, specializing in the treatment and cure of diseases of the ear, nose and throat, has been in constant practice at Indianapolis since 1908 with the exception of some time spent in post-graduate work and in war service. He has attained a full share of success through industry and by reason of inherent ability, and stands high in the ranks of his calling. Doctor Carmack was born March 24, 1885, in Vermilion county, Indiana, where he received his primary education. He was graduated from the high school at Dana in 1903 and at that time enrolled as a student at the Indiana University School of Medicine. Graduating in 1907 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, he served an interneship of one year and a half at the Indianapolis City Hospital, and except for the time spent in taking post-graduate courses at New York City and Boston, continued in active practice until 1918, when he enlisted in the Medical Corps and was given the rank of First Lieutenant. After a year spent at Camp Taylor, Kentucky, he received his honorable discharge and returned to Indianapolis, where he maintains an office at No. 505 Hume-Mansur Building. Since 1917 he has specialized in diseases of the ear, nose and throat. Doctor Carmack is a member of the Marion County Medical Society, the Indiana State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the American Academy of Ophthalmology and OtoLaryngology. He is a Thirty-second degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine, and belongs to the Phi Rho Sigma medical fraternity, the Indianapolis Athletic Club, the Highland Golf Club and the Century Club. In 1910 Doctor Carmack married Miss Bertha Pember, of Angola, Indiana, and they reside at No. 824 East Maple Road and are attendants of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Mrs. Andrew J. Clark, President General of "The Daughters of the Union" and a charter member of "The Governor Oliver P. Morton Chapter of Indianapolis," is a worthy representative of that order of patriotic women who have dedicated their lives to the work of perpetuating the memory of those gallant men who offered their lives as a sacrifice on the altar of their country, and many of whom made the supreme sacrifice that the Union might be preserved. The flight of years has proven that they died not in vain, the government which they saved and which they cemented together with their life's blood has "carried on" until today she stands at the head of the nations of the world, a living proof of the words of the immortal Lincoln "That a government of the people, for the people and by the people shall not perish from the earth." Anna T. (Anderson) Clark was born in Franklin, Warren county, Ohio, a daughter of Franklin Shortridge Anderson, being named for the founder of the Shortridge high school of this city who was a very close friend of his father. Franklin Anderson was a relative of Major Anderson, commander of Ft. Sumter at the beginning of hostilities in the Civil War. Like his illustrious relative, Franklin Anderson offered his services in defense of the Union and saw much active service as a member of Co. F of the 75th O. V. I. in 1862. He participated in eight of the early battles of the war including Monterey, Virginia, Straus Ridge, McDaniel, Franklin, Strausburg, Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, and Freeman's Ford, all in Virginia, but having contracted typhoid fever he was left at a hospital behind the army with the belief that he would never recover. He did, however, but his health was so impaired that he was honorably discharged from the service in 1862. After his discharge he returned to his home in Ohio where he continued to reside until January, 1865 when the family removed to Zionsville, Boone county, Indiana, where they passed the remainder of their lives. The parents were married September 1, 1858, the mother's maiden name being Martha Meeker Ireland, a member of one of the highly respected pioneer families of Ohio. Both were deeply interested in religious temperance matters and active workers in that cause during their entire lives. The mother having filled the position of superintendent of Sunday school for a number of years in the church at Zionsville, Indiana, and in which a memorial window was dedicated to her memory. Both lived to celebrate their 50th wedding anniversary and reared a family of six children, all of whom are living but one. One son, William Anderson, is now a prominent business man of Topeka, Kans.; Claude H., another son is engaged in farming at Lindsborg, Kansas; the third son, James F., married Miss Bertie Wright of this city and now resides at Abilene, Kansas; one daughter Minnie M., became the wife of Olie Howard, who resides at Lebanon, Indiana. The subject of this mention was the eldest of the family. She passed her early life in Zionsville and was educated there and in the schools of Indianapolis and Normal school of Lebanon, Indiana. In 1882 she was united in marriage with Dr. Andrew Jackson Clark who was born in Boone county, Indiana, the son of Ezra and Harriet (Hancock) Clark, pioneers of this state, having emigrated here from Ohio, settling in Boone county where they entered government land and became well known farmers and large land owners. Dr. Clark passed his early life on the home farm, attending the country schools at a period when the terms were very short, consisting of from three to four months in the winter season. He later attended and graduated from the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, after which he attended a course of lectures at Miami College and still later was graduated from the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville in the class of 1880. He returned to his native county to practice his chosen profession at Zionsville until 1893 when he removed to Indianapolis and specialized in skin diseases, and is still actively engaged in the practice of his profession. Like their parents, both Dr. and Mrs. Clark, have actively identified themselves with church affairs and hold membership in the Central Christian Church of this city. Dr. Clark has been especially interested in Sunday school work having been a teacher for over fifty years and has taught a young woman's class for over twenty-four years. His wife has been equally active serving as a deaconess and prominently connected with the teachers training work in the church, being a member of the faculty of the "New Testament and Literature Classes." In 1910 Mrs. Clark became a member of a group of people who visited the Holy Land which was known as "The Herbert Maninger Bible Class in Bible Lands." Like her husband she served as superintendent of the Sunday school for five years, 1902 to 1907, and has filled state and county offices in the Sunday School Association. Dr. and Mrs. Clark were the parents of one daughter, Lillian May Clark, now deceased, her death having occurred in 1913. She was a graduate of Shortridge high school of this city and attended the Art Institute. At the time of her death she was the wife of Dr. J. Arthur Davis, a dentist at Hammond, Indiana. To them was born one daughter, Marthana Madeline Davis, now an attractive young lady of eleven years, talented in music and an active member of a Girls Scout movement of this city, making her home with her grandparents, Dr. and Mrs. Clark. Mrs. Clark being the daughter of a veteran of the Civil War was naturally deeply interested in any movement that would tend to keep green the memory of those brave defenders of the Union and as a consequence became a charter member of "The Daughters of the Union" and of "Oliver P. Morton Chapter" of this city, serving as Regent of the last named. The active part she had taken in the work of the order and the deep interest evinced by her in its lofty aims naturally gave her a conspicuous place in its ranks until at the annual national convention held at New York City in 1924, she received the highest honor within its gift and was duly elected to the office of President General of "The Daughters of the Union," the duties of which she is discharging in a highly credible manner which reflects honor on both herself and the order. Mrs. Clark has also found time to devote to both civic and social orders of her home city, being a member of the Chamber of Commerce and the Local Council of Women, having served as its second president, and is now serving as chairman of the history committee. She is also a member of the District Federation of Clubs in which she has filled the office of treasurer of the Seventh District for the past six years. Mrs. Clark is deeply interested in school matters and at this time is acting as president of the Parent Teachers Association of School No.2. Having descended from a long line of pioneer families some of whom saw service in the Revolutionary War, making her eligible to membership in the D. A. R., she became a member of Caroline Scott Harrison Chapter of this city being a charter and life member of the same and has served as its Registrar for four years. She is also a member of the Magazine Club, having served as its president five different times. She is a charter member of the Monday Club and has served as its president for three years. She is identified with the Masonic fraternity as a member of Zionsville Chapter Order of Eastern Star. She is also identified with the W. C. T. U. of which order her mother served as president at Zionsville for many years. While Mrs. Clark holds membership in many social and civic -organizations she has always found time to be an active instead of a passive member of the same and has delivered lectures and short talks before many different organizations throughout the city and has done much charitable work in connection with the Near East Relief work. She inherited from her parents a sincere desire to do the greatest good to the greatest number and like them, her life's work has been carried on without hope of reward but with a sincere determination to push forward those agencies which tend to the uplifting of mankind in general. Mrs. Clark's great-great-grandfather, Lewis Anderson, was a member of the famous Minute Men Company of Revolutionary fame.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Benjamin Franklin Clark, D. C. Well known professionally at Indianapolis as a member of the firm of Baptist & Clark, Chiropractors, with offices at No. 333 North Alabama street, Dr. Benjamin Franklin Clark has led a busy and useful life, during which he has ably filled positions of honor and importance at other points. During the World War he was privileged to be of great service to his country, being detailed as chief inspector for the Inter State Motor company, engaged in turning out caterpillar tractors for the United States Artillery. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, April 17, 1888, and was five years old when his parents moved to Indianapolis, in which city he attended the public schools and was graduated from the Manual Training high school. Later he was graduated from Purdue University with the degree of M. E., following which he accepted position as assistant professor of Manual Arts in the University of Missouri, and subsequently had charge of vocational training in the schools of Memphis, Tennessee. In 1918 he was graduated from the National School of Chiropractic, Chicago, and shortly afterward entered into practice at Indianapolis, in partnership with Dr. Joseph Baptist, under the present firm name. Dr. Clark is a Thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner, belongs also to the order of Woodmen of the World, and still preserves membership in his old Greek letter college fraternity, Phi Delta Kappa. He is not unduly active politically but by no means is an indifferent citizen. In 1914 he married Miss Laura M. Harris, of Memphis, Tennessee, and they have one daughter, Laura-Frank, born June 1, 1915.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Ray Victor Converse, M. D. , one of the most successful physicians of Indianapolis, was born in Delaware, Ohio, October 3, 1875. When he was but a boy of seven years of age, he came to Indiana and received his elementary education in the graded schools and high school of Brownstown, Indiana. In 1895, he matriculated at Purdue University where he remained for one year. He decided to study for the medical profession at that time, however, and in 1898 went to the Bennett Medical School of Chicago, now known as Loyola University, from which he was graduated May 7, 1901, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. On the following day he began active practice in Brownstown, Indiana, where he remained for a year. May 7, 1902, on the anniversary of his graduation from medical college, he came to Indianapolis and continued the practice of medicine. During the years of 1907 and 1908, he served as deputy coroner of Marion county and at the present time he is connected with the Indianapolis Board of Health, a work in which he has rendered invaluable service to the city. Dr. Converse has the distinction of coming from a family of physicians, for his father and a brother are now engaged in the active practice of medicine, he and three other brothers also being graduate pharmacists. He has built up an excellent practice in Indianapolis where he is recognized by the members of his profession as well as the citizens at large as one of the most successful of the general practitioners of the city. He maintains offices at 524 Hume-Mansur Building. Dr. Converse has one son and a daughter: Costello who married Evalyn Wilcox, Marian Jeannette, a student in the Indianapolis schools. Dr. Converse and family affiliate with the Presbyterian Church.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Charles E. Cottingham, M. D. , one of the able physicians of Indianapolis, was born in Noblesville, Indiana, November 25, 1868. He received his elementary education in the graded and high schools of his native town, and was graduated from the latter in 1887. He then entered DePauw University, where he was a student for two years. His natural predilection was toward the medical profession, and he later entered the Indiana University School of Medicine, from which he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1895. After one year as interne in the City Hospital, he established himself in the practice of his profession at Noblesville, where he continued for a period of four years. At that time he became a resident physician at the Eastern Hospital for the Insane, Richmond, Indiana, and continued in that work three years. To further his education he went to Europe, and during the years of 1903 and 1904 studied in the Universities of London and Berlin. After completing his post-graduate work in these famous universities, he returned to Indianapolis, and resumed the practice of his profession in which he has since continued with notable success. For a number of years he has been an instructor in the Indiana University School of Medicine in nervous and mental diseases, and is recognized as a man of ability along this line. He is also a member of the staff of the City Hospital. In 1905 Dr. Cottingham was united in marriage with Lillian Moore, of Indianapolis, and they have one daughter, Lorinda Katherine, who is a senior in the Shortridge high school. Dr. Cottingham is a member of the county, state and American medical associations, and is president of the Indianapolis Council of the Indiana Medical Society . He also holds membership in the Phi Chi medical fraternity, and in the Beta Theta Pi college fraternity. He is a Thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner. He maintains adequate offices in the Medical Arts building, and his home is at 3641 North Pennsylvania street.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

William A. Ketcham. Biography finds its justification not only in the fact that it is a record of the lives of exemplary men but also in the fact that it is an incentive for the young man who has regard for honorable manhood and an appreciation for wise and intelligent use of opportunity. The record of no citizen of Indianapolis perhaps indicates more clearly what can be accomplished when energy, determination and ambition lead the way than that of the late Captain William A. Ketcham, Past Grand Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic, and formerly Attorney-General of Indiana. He gained distinction in both private and public life and also gallantly defended the Union in the Civil War, in which his record stands without a blemish. His career was typically American and his labors not only constituted a potent factor in the legal, political, civic and social affairs of the country, but his life was actuated by high ideals and spent in dose conformity therewith. He was long recognized as one of the strong, versatile and essentially representative members of the Indianapolis bar, and his death, which occurred December 2, 1922, removed from this city one of its most valued citizens. Captain Ketcham was born in Indianapolis, January 2, 1846, a son of John L. and Jane (Merrill) Ketcham, and came of sterling pioneer families of Indiana that were founded in America in the colonial epoch of our national history. The lineage is traced back to stanch English origin and the progenitors in America first settled on Long Island in the seventeenth century. One branch of the family removed first to Maryland and thence to Virginia, and in the old Dominion Commonwealth was born Daniel Ketcham, great-grandfather of Captain William A. Ketcham. This worthy ancestor moved to Kentucky before the close of the eighteenth century and in that state was born John Ketcham, grandfather of our subject. He was reared in the Blue-Grass state and became one of the influential pioneers of Indiana, whither he removed in the territorial epoch of its history. He was a member of the first state legislature, under the constitution of 1816, and he was a founder of Brownstown, the county seat of Jackson county, conveying the land for that purpose from his own estate. It is worthy of note in this connection that as late as 1895, at which time a bill was pending in the legislature for the removal of the county seat to Seymour, the question of the reversion of the title of this site was raised and was referred to the attorney-general of the state, who, by a peculiar coincidence, happened to be William A. Ketcham, grandson of the original proprietor. John L. Ketcham, father of William A. Ketcham, was• born in Shelby county, Kentucky, April 3, 1810, and was but a year old when the family moved to the territory of Indiana. Here he was reared and educated and prepared himself for the profession of the law. He took up his residence in Indianapolis in 1834 and became one of the leading members of the bar of this city, where he continued to reside until his death, in 1869. His wife, who survived him a number of years, was a native of Indiana and was a daughter of Samuel Merrill, who was the first treasurer of the state and first president of the Madison and Indianapolis railroad, having been one of the most prominent and influential factors in connection with the pioneer annals of this commonwealth. William A. Ketcham obtained his early education in the schools of his native city, which he continued to attend until he was thirteen years of age, when, in 1859, he was sent to Germany, where he continued his studies under effective conditions until 1861. He then returned home and shortly afterward was matriculated in Wabash College at Crawfordsville, where he continued his studies for two years. He was a member of the junior class in this institution when, in February, 1864, he laid aside his text-books to tender his services in defense of the Union. He enlisted as a private in Company A, Thirteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and after nine months' service as a private, he was assigned to the Lieutenancy of Company E of the same regiment. Later he was placed in command of Company C, in the meanwhile retaining the same rank. In May, 1865, he was commissioned captain of Company I of the same regiment, and it is worthy of note that he assumed this office when but nineteen years of age. His regiment was part of the Tenth Corps of the Army of the James until that corps joined the Army of the Potomac in the battle of Cold Harbor. He served with this company in the engagements at Bermuda Hundred and around Petersburg and Richmond. Thereafter he accompanied his regiment to North Carolina and assisted in the reduction of Fort Fisher, after which the command remained in that state until the close of the war. He was mustered out in September, 1865, and duly received his honorable discharge. So great had been the exodus of patriotic students from Wabash College that class associations had been broken up and the students had become widely scattered. On returning home from the war, Captain Ketcham decided that it was inexpedient for him to return to Wabash College and immediately entered historic old Dartmouth College, from which he was graduated in 1867, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then returned to Indianapolis, where he began the study of law under the able preceptorship of his father and Judge David McDonald, and through close application and effective powers of assimilation he proved himself eligible for and was admitted to the bar in 1869, after which he became associated in practice with his father and Major James L. Mitchell. His father died shortly afterward and was succeeded in the firm by Judge Horatio F. Newcomb, who retained his connection therewith until his appointment to the bench of the Superior Court, two years later. In 1876 Judge Newcomb again became a member of the firm, with which he continued for the ensuing four years. Upon the election of Major Mitchell to the office of mayor of Indianapolis in 1873, Captain Ketcham associated himself in practice with Judge Solomon Claypool, under the firm title of Claypool and Ketcham. This alliance continued until 1890, after which Captain Ketcham conducted an individual practice. He was recognized as one of the strongest trial lawyers in the state, and was concerned in a large amount of important litigation in both the State and Federal Courts. From the time of attaining his legal majority Captain Ketcham was unswerving in his allegiance to the Republican party, in whose cause he rendered most effective service. In 1894 he was elected attorney-general of the state and made such a record for substantial and conservative ability, as well as executive force, that in 1896 he was chosen as his own successor, having been renominated by acclamation. Concerning his administration of these important offices, the following pertinent statements have been made: "In the office of attorney-general Captain Ketcham was called upon to conduct, on behalf of the state, an unprecedented amount of litigation in the highest courts. Among the very important cases may be mentioned those involving the constitutionality of the statutes taxing railroads and those taxing telegraph and express companies-laws which were attacked with great skill and vehemence by the lawyers retained by these corporations. The constitutionality of the statutes was finally sustained by the Supreme Court of the United States, before which the questions were duly argued by Attorney-General Ketcham and others. The law governing the management of the prison board and one providing for intermediate sentences of convicts were also attacked and successfully defended by General Ketcham. He was instrumental in breaking up the gang of gamblers that inaugurated winter racing, prize fighting and other vicious or swindling entertainments at Roby, this state. Perhaps his crowning achievement was the fight he made upon two apportionment laws of this state, enacted respectively in 1893 and 1895, alleging that they were unfair and unconstitutional. In the Supreme Court he succeeded in having both of them set aside after a masterful argument establishing their repugnance to the spirit of the constitution. These decisions stand as a menace to any political party in the state that may seek hereafter to make one man more powerful than another because of his politics, in fixing the basis of representation. Absolute fairness and equality are now required." The constitutionality of the Nicholson law touching the sale of intoxicating liquors was assailed during his incumbency of the office of attorney-general, but the law in all its parts was upheld by the Supreme Court. His administration as attorney-general was characterized by strict business and professional principles, and he left the office with a character strengthened in the estimation of the public because of the obvious honesty of his intentions and the patient wisdom with which he met many trying situations. Coming into the public life of Indiana at a time when practically every citizen had begun to realize the necessity of better government, Captain Ketcham became a student of the signs of the times, and his keen insight and thorough method of doing things marked his administration as one of jurisprudence and political economy. His strong convictions regarding right and wrong; his opposition to a course which he deemed inimical to the best interests of the country and his fearlessness of criticism or public opinion when he believed he was right, were traits which made him a powerful factor in all measures tending to the public good. It was, while serving in this capacity that his legal talents and strength were given free scope and shown to the best advantage. His ability to grasp a multitude of details and show their general bearings on the points at issue, and a patient and courteous attitude toward all who came before him, with a broad knowledge of the law made him one of the most popular and honored officials of the state. Captain Ketcham ever maintained the deepest appreciation of the honor and dignity of the profession of which he was an able representative. He was a close observer of its unwritten code of ethics and his course as a practitioner was marked by inflexible integrity and honor, with complete avoidance of those professional lapses, which are all too frequently made for the sake of personal gain. Of him it has well been said: "He believed in the strict, impartial and vigorous enforcement of the law. He was so constituted as to question the good citizenship of any man who either joins a mob to usurp the functions of the courts or who seeks to shield others guilty of such an offense. Above all, he condemned the lax administration of justice by the courts and others charged with the execution of the laws, and the disposition sometimes observed in such officials to execute or palliate gross and willful violations of the law." A man of unusual public spirit, interested in both local and national affairs and proud of his native city in which his activities were centered for more than three-quarters of a century, Captain Ketcham was a strong factor in the furtherance of any measure which has for its aim the advancement of the people or the betterment of existing conditions. There was perhaps no movement of vital importance to the city or state with which he was not concerned as an active factor in his support of or opposition to, as the case might be, for he was as strong in his denouncement of a measure which he believed inimical to the best interests of the country as he was firm in his allegiance when he believed that the interests of the country would be promoted thereby. He was elected national commander of the Grand Army of the Republic at the fifty-fourth annual encampment of the Army in Indianapolis September 24, 1920. He served until the fifty-fifth encampment, which also was held in Indianapolis, and retired from office September 29, 1921. As national commander of the Grand Army he was called on many times to speak for the veterans' organizations on topics of national importance and his addresses were always filled with uncompromising advocacy of Americanism. From 1915 to 1920 he was national judge-advocate-general of the Grand Army of the Republic, and in 1907 and 1908 he was commander of the Department of Indiana of the G. A. R. In 1897 Mr. Ketcham was appointed attorney by the legislature in the case of the State against the Vandalia Railroad company to collect taxes for the school fund. He served twelve years as a member of the board of control of the Indiana Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, and always stood as its able and militant guardian. To him it typified the spirit that had held the nation together in the days of the Civil War, and he always protested against its use for other purposes. Plain speaking was one of his characteristics. If he had convictions on any public question he did not hesitate to express them in the most public places and regardless of the amount of opposition his pronouncement might create. He condemned all creeds and organizations that menaced our laws and civil government and in his numerous addresses he always breathed the spirit of loyalty and patriotism. He had a great capacity for friendship, which was always founded upon frankness, yet was thoughtful and kind. He abhorred sham and deceit, and his freedom from ostentation was the very essence of simplicity. It is to the patriotism and activity of such men that this country owes its moral education and commercial growth, and their loss is not easily forgotten. At the time of his birth Captain Ketcham's parents were members of the Second Presbyterian Church, of which Henry Ward Beecher was then pastor and by whom he was baptized . On the organization of the Fourth Presbyterian Church his parents became connected with that organization, of which he was also a member for more than half a century. Although prominent in social and professional circles, Captain Ketcham was not a club man, and belonged to but few social organizations. He was devoted to the pleasures of home life and his happiest moments were always spent at his own fireside. His domestic life was always most attractive in all of its various phases as husband, father and host, and his home was a hospitable one, where his friends were always welcome. He was a charter member of the Indianapolis Bar Association and was also a member of the Indiana State Bar Association and had served as president of both. He was likewise a member of the Indianapolis Literary Club, Grand Army of the Republic and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. On June 25, 1873, Captain Ketcham was united in marriage with Miss Flora McDonald, a daughter of the late Judge David McDonald, of Indianapolis, who was numbered among the sterling pioneers and able lawyers of the city, and they became the parents of one son and six daughters: Flora M., Agnes, Dr. Jane M., Lilla M., Lucia, Dorothy and Henry C. Mrs. Ketcham still maintains her home in Indianapolis where she is surrounded by hosts of warm friends.

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History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Roland M. Cotton, who is prominent in the plumbing business as the secretary and treasurer of the Roland M. Cotton company, was born in Indianapolis, July 15, 1885, the son of Madison M. Cotton, a general contractor of Indianapolis who spent all but five years of his life in that city. Roland M. Cotton was educated in the public schools of Indianapolis, and when his educational career had been completed, he engaged in the heating business as an employee of W. H. Johnson & Son company. He continued to work with this firm, and in this connection he received a thorough grounding in every phase of the heating business. Mr. Cotton took a correspondence course in the I. C. S. In 1910, he believed that he was well fitted to go into business for himself, and he accordingly organized the corporation of Roland M. Cotton company for plumbing and heating contracting. Mr. Cotton has been the secretary and treasurer of the firm since its incorporation, and the success that it has won has been due to his keen business acumen and knowledge of the plumbing and heating business. He has built up the concern so that it now is rated as one of the most substantial and enterprising plumbing contracting firms in Indianapolis. Mr. Cotton's achievement in developing the firm to the point where it commands an excellent place in the commercial interests of the city has gained for him the reputation of being one of the successful business executives of Indianapolis. November 4, 1908, he married Miss C. S. Hughes, and to Mr. and Mrs. Cotton have been born two children: Bernard Reid, aged six years, and Barbara Jean, aged three years. In fraternal circles, Mr. Cotton is a valued and popular member of the A. F. & A. M., he being a member of the Commandery and the Shrine, and of the Mystic Tie. He also holds membership in the Marion Club, the Indianapolis Athletic Club.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Charles H. Cox. The Cox family is one of the old and honored ones of Indiana, and one of its representatives, Charles H. Cox, secretary of the Dilling company, manufacturing confectioners of Indianapolis, is living up to the best traditions of the name. He was born in a log cabin on a farm at Brownstown, Jackson county, Indiana, son of Richard M. J. Cox, one of the foremost farmers and civil engineers of Jackson county. He had the honor of driving the first stake for the first depot at North Madison, Indiana, and had numerous interests. For a number of years he was engaged in the practice of his profession in connection with the old Madison Railroad. His wife was Celestis Wort, a descendant of the McAfee family which played so prominent a part in the pioneer history of Kentucky. Growing up at Brownstown, Charles H. Cox attended its schools, and when he left school at the age of fifteen years he was in high school. Going into a printing office owned by his father he learned the printing business, and he also worked at farming. After four or five years' work at his trade he spent five years at Fowler, Indiana, being there engaged in the grocery business. He then became a traveling salesman for the Dagget Candy company, and covered southern Illinois and Indiana, which connection was maintained until 1905 when he became a director and worker of the Dilling company. A year later he was made secretary of the company, and he is now covering the jobbing trade of sixteen states. This is one of the very large confectionery concerns of the country, and its product is deservedly popular. Mr. Cox married Marie, daughter of Dr. Joseph A. Stilwell of Brownstown. In his political sentiments Charles H. Cox is a Republican. He is president of the Jacob M. Cox Family Reunion. A Mason, he belongs to Vincennes Lodge Number 1, F. & A. M., Vincennes, Indiana, and he has been advanced through the different bodies of the Scottish Rite of this order. He also belongs to Murat Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., to the Knights of Pythias at Vincennes, and the Chamber of Commerce at Indianapolis. The Travelers Protective Association, the United Commercial Travelers, the Travelers of Indiana, and the Commercial Travelers Association all hold his membership. He belongs to the Presbyterian Church at Twenty-eighth and Belfontaine avenue, of which he is an elder.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Samuel A. Craig, a successful architect and engineer, President and General Manager of the firm Samuel A. Craig & company, architects and engineers, is a self-made man of Indianapolis, and one who has honorably won his present prestige in his profession. He was born at Knoxville, Tennessee, September 14, 1879, son of Samuel A. and Mary Frances (Williams) Craig, both of whom were born in the east. The father died at the age of thirty-three years, Samuel A. being then only eighteen months old. The mother subsequently re-married, after many years, and she is now Mrs. Frank Ted, of Terre Haute, Indiana. As professor of languages at the University of Tennessee, the father was writing an English grammar at the time of his death. During vacation periods he carried on civil engineering and met his death while on a railroad survey in the Cumberland mountains. He had three sons, J. Robert, Moses A., and Samuel A. When the latter was six years of age the mother and three sons, with their grandparents, moved to Terre Haute, and it was with these parents that the lad grew up, the grandfather being a practical nail manufacturer. After attending the grade and high schools he joined his step-father in an organization to build and sell moderate priced homes. It was when he was connected with this organization that he learned the practical use of tools of the different building trades and studied the technical side of architecture. After many years of practical and technical experience and study, and finally operating his architectural office, he moved to California and while there was first engaged in the building of the Spreckles Theatre at San Diego and subsequently was operating his office of architecture at Hollywood, Los Angeles, this being long before it came into such prominence as one of the great centers of the movie industry. Desiring to be nearer to his mother in her declining years he returned to Indiana and continued his office at Huntington, Indiana, where he was engaged in the construction of various private and public buildings of a worthy character-obtaining a state license for practicing professional engineering, a membership in the Indiana Society of Architects, and upon moving to Indianapolis, a membership in the Architects Association of Indianapolis. He is also a member of the Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce. He was married to Miss Jessie Barbara Baker of Huntington, Indiana, and they have two children: Samuel Calvert and Virginia Frances. He is an independent voter. Fraternally he belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, active as a member of the Presbyterian Church of Indianapolis and even more zealous in its behalf at Huntington. While at Huntington, he was one of four to organize the Kiwanis and Exchange Clubs and was a member of the Commercial Club of that city. In June, 1922, he moved his main offices to Indianapolis and is now located in the Hilgenberg building, 31 West Ohio street since which time he has been actively engaged in the management of his professional offices.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

George Lemaux. Among the prominent men of Indianapolis who have left their impress of their individuality upon the business and civic affairs of the country, none is more worthy of mention in the history of Indiana than the late George Lemaux, for nearly a quarter of a century an honored resident of this city. His labors not only constituted a potent factor in the business and civic affairs of Indianapolis, but his progressive spirit was evident in many ways, and though he has passed from the scene of earthly activities, his work remains as a force for good in the community. In his home, in social and in public life he was kind and courteous, and no citizen of Indianapolis was more respected or enjoyed the confidence of the people or more richly deserved the regard in which he was held. A promoter of industry, an advocate of good citizenship and the supporter of all worthy movements which have their root in unselfish devotion to the best interests of the country, George Lemaux lives in the memory of his friends as the highest type of a loyal citizen and a progressive, enterprising business man. His life was actuated by high ideals and spent in close conformity there with his teachings and his example was ever an inspiring force for good in the world, and his humane sympathy and charities brought men to him in the ties of strong friendship. Mr. Lemaux was born in Tyrone, Canada, June 19, 1862, a son of George Lemaux, Sr., and Marilla (Irving) Lemaux, and came of a prominent old established Canadian family of French lineage, which was founded in that country by his grandfather many years ago. When two years of age his parents moved from Canada to Noblesville, Indiana, where his father engaged in the manufacture of staves. In 1868 the family removed to Lebanon, Indiana, and four years later to Ridgeville, this state, where the father later engaged in the grocery business and afterward resided until his death in April, 1913. He became active in the business and civic affairs of that community and was recognized as a man of high ideals, especially for his unostentatious charity and for his quiet, unassuming career as an upright man. His widow, Mrs. Marilla (Irving) Lemaux, still maintains her home at Ridgeville, where she has many warm friends and admirers. She is a woman of exceptional mental capacity, and although eighty-seven years of age, she still ably conducts her own business affairs, and is also active in church, club and philanthropic endeavor. She has been a member of the Congregational church for many years, and takes an active and helpful part in charitable and benevolent work. Her kind heart and sympathetic nature is evident in many ways, and her friends, who are as numerous as her acquaintances, entertain for her the warmest regard. George Lemaux, Jr., obtained his early education in the public schools of Lebanon and Ridgeville, Indiana, and at the latter place he learned the trade of handle turner. This was an occupation for only a brief time, however, and he soon engaged in the grocery and produce business at Ridgeville, and for more than twenty years was prominently identified in this field of activity. In 1900 he founded the Indianapolis Brush and Broom company, and in April, 1902, he moved to this city to take over, the active management of the business. Under his able directions this concern was developed from a small beginning to a plant which covers more than thirty thousand square feet of floor space and turns out many hundred dozens of brooms daily. The products are sold throughout the entire country, and the concern is recognized as one of the notable enterprises of the middle west. For some years, Mr. Lemaux's son, Irving W. Lemaux, has been associated with the enterprise, and since his father's death he is conducting the business along the same progressive line as that of his father. He is recognized as one of the enterprising and public spirited young business men of Indianapolis, who has at heart the best interests of the city, and who is a leader in both business and civic affairs. Soon after his removal to Indianapolis in 1902, George Lemaux became an active factor in the affairs of the city and for many years took part in all movements tending to the betterment of the city. For many years he also took an interest in Republican politics and was urged to become a candidate for Mayor of the city, but for private reasons he declined to make the race. Several years ago he served a term on the county board of review, and this, with his term on the board of public works, comprised his only connection with public office in Indianapolis. He was appointed a member of the board of public works by Mayor Charles W. Jewett in January, 1918. About a year later, when Schuyler Haas resigned as president of the board, Mr. Lemaux assumed the presidency and in this office he directed many important improvements for the city. His record on the board served to bring him commendation from the thousands of citizens who came before the board with petitions for and against improvements. They were always impressed by Mr. Lemaux's sincerity and his desire to take action that would best benefit the city as a whole and at the same time impose no unnecessary burden on property owners. He always led in the discussion with property owners on proposed improvements. Whenever he believed an improvement should be made he was firm in his stand, but he was always open to argument, and he was careful to get the point of view of the petitioners, to refrain from doing them an injustice. As a member of this body Mr. Lemaux took the lead in the board's direction over local utilities. He helped in a large measure to direct the board's policy as it related to street car extensions and betterment of service and he likewise urged extensions by the water, gas and electric light and power utilities to meet the needs of a growing city. He had a broad view of the city's welfare, and when important improvements were ordered he always attempted to view them in the light of the effect they would have on the development of the entire city. His honesty in giving decisions and conducting the affairs of the board was unquestioned. He frequently made it clear that nothing must decide the board's policies but the needs of the city at large. Mr. Lemaux was also a director of the Security Trust company, and he had many other business connections in the city and elsewhere. He was at one time a director of the Chamber of Commerce, and was at the time of his death a member of the board of directors of the Associated Employers. He served two terms on the board of directors of the Marion Club, of which his son was at one time president. Among the business and social organizations to which he belonged were the Board of Trade, the Indiana Manufacturers' Association, the Rotary Club and the Hoosier Motor Club. He was a member of the Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church, and of the Oriental Lodge, F. and A. M., the Indianapolis Lodge of Elks, the I. O. O. F., Red Men and Modern Woodmen of America. He was also a member of the board of directors of the Harley Gibbs settlement, and a large part of his charitable work was in this connection. He was always known as a warm-hearted and generous man, and to many an unfortunate he extended a helping hand. His efforts were not confined to lines resulting in individual benefit, but were evident in those fields where general interests and public welfare are involved, and he gave generously of his time and means to all measures tending to the public good. His honesty was of the type that would rather err to his own cost than do an injustice, and his high-minded conception of a man's duty to his fellow men and his quiet and unswerving allegiance to the principles of good citizenship were traits which especially distinguished him. To all good work he had a ready hand and an open purse, and his activities mean much to Indianapolis, in both civic and material progress. Upon the death of Mr. Lemaux his pastor and many of his friends and associates paid tribute to his successful career and noble character from which we make the following extracts. The Rev. W. R. Farmer, pastor of the Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church, of which Mr. Lemaux was a member, preached the funeral sermon. He said in part, "It is rarely that one can say of a man, 'he was a good man,' without making some qualifying remarks. It can be said of Mr. Lemaux - he was a good man, and his deeds will cause his memory to live on." The Reverend Farmer recounted many instances showing Mr. Lemaux's deep interest in the welfare of the community. He read resolutions from business men of Ridgeville, where Mr. Lemaux was in business until 1902, and from members of the Meridian Heights Presbyterian Church. The Marion Club adopted the following resolution: "When a good man passes from among his associates society sustains a loss; when the one who has gone has filled with credit and honor a position of public service, the state is deprived of a double good. The Hon. George Lemaux was a man who in private station was an example of good citizenship and a support to society. As a public man he performed his duty with perfect fidelity and conspicuous ability. Every member of the Marion Club was his friend because he was a friend of every member. We will miss his hearty and genial presence, but we will cherish the memory of his friendship, and honor the example which he furnished of unselfish devotion to the interests of the organization to which he belonged, to the community in which he lived and to the state and city to which he rendered distinguished service. The Marion Club desires to place on its records this memorial of his worth, and tenders to his bereaved family this sincere but inadequate tribute to his memory." The resolution was signed by H. S. McMichael, J. G. Kirkwood and William S. McMaster, members of the resolution committee. His death also brought grief to his friends at the city hall. In all offices, executives, clerks and stenographers ex pressed their sorrow. Mayor Charles W. Jewett said in part: "The loss of George Lemaux can not be estimated. He was a friend of sterling worth and loyalty. He was a man of high purpose, splendid ability, honesty and integrity. His first thought as a public official was for justice and fair dealing. His services on the board of public works were of the highest type. He sacrificed his own personal business that he might be of service to the city of Indianapolis. In the discharge of his duties as chairman of the board of public works he was fearless and courageous, and exercised splendid judgment. I can not express my personal grief caused by his death. His worth to the city as a one hundred percent American citizen and an efficient public servant, cannot be estimated. The city has lost one of its greatest citizens and his friends have lost a real friend." Mark H. Miller, acting president of the board of public works, said in part: "Thousands of friends of George Lemaux will mourn his loss and sympathize with his family. As a friend and fellow member of the board of works of Indianapolis, I have had an unusual opportunity to know him and appreciate his many sterling qualities. He was a man of great native ability and strength of character. He had a great capacity for friendship, which was always founded upon frankness, yet was thoughtful and kind. I have never known a man of greater energy, which was properly directed for immediate and practical results. He abhorred sham and deceit, and I am sure, took pride in the fact that his achievements were the result of his own efforts. The city of Indianapolis loses an honorable and faithful servant, who has been tireless in his work for the betterment of the city, not only on the board of works but in all branches of public interest. His friends have lost an always loyal and true, lovable friend." High and fitting tributes were also paid to Mr. Lemaux by hundreds of others, both by individuals and organizations, but space in this publication does not permit us the pleasure of including them. Mr. Lemaux's private philanthropies were numerous and he took a special interest in seeing that his employes were provided for when misfortune or illness visited them. He was kind, helpful and compassionate to the weak and unfortunate, and there are many who have blessed his name because of what he has done for them. He was a good man, if ever a good man lived. In every relation of life was shown the light that comes from justness, generosity, truth, high sense of honor, proper respect for self and a sensitive thoughtfulness for others. What a magnificent legacy such a man leaves to the generations who shall come after him! In business life he was alert, sagacious and reliable; as a citizen was honorable, prompt and true to every engagement, and his death, which occurred April 21, 1921, removed from Indianapolis one of its most valuable citizens. Mr. Lemaux was married May 29, 1884, to Miss Nora C. Ward, of Ridgeville, Indiana, a woman of refinement and much beauty of character, and they became the parents of one son, Irving Ward Lemaux, who is identified with the Indianapolis Brush and Broom company, founded by his father in 1900. Mrs. Lemaux still maintains her home at Indianapolis, where she is surrounded by hosts of warm friends, and is greatly admired for her sterling qualities and social and philanthropic activities. She always enjoyed the fullest measure of her husband's confidence, and was closely associated with him in their labors for furthering useful, helpful and elevating institutions. She has been a member of the Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church for many years, and is active in all good work of that congregation.

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History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

George A. Crane, president of the Moon Automobile company, was born in Racine, Wisconsin, in 1870. He received his, elementary education in the graded and high schools of his home community. He then pursued a two year course in College of Commerce of the University of South Dakota which was followed by two years spent in the study of commerce and law at Valparaiso University. After his graduation from the latter institution, he accepted a position with the Racine Hardware Manufacturing company, of Racine, remaining in that work for three or four years. He left that firm to become associated with the Knox Automobile company, and his success with that concern soon won him advancement to the position of sales manager of the company. He continued in that work for a time and then gave up the work to become the manager of the Garford Motor Truck company branch at Chicago. He remained in that capacity until 1919 when he became associated with the Nordyke-Marmon company and maintained his connections with that firm for a year and a half. On July 1, 1921, he became the president of the National Automobile company, a position which he ably filled until the summer of 1923. At that time the name of the company was changed to the Crane Motors company and Mr. Crane was retained as the president of the new organization. His wide experience in the automobile business and his managerial ability have placed the firm among the leaders in the automobile business. Due to his efforts the company is rated as one of the secure and substantial commercial enterprises in the city of Indianapolis, and his own achievement in the performance of this work has stamped him as one of the ablest executives in the city. Mr. Crane married Jessie Price, of Williamsville, Illinois, and to this union has been born one child, William. Fraternally, Mr. Crane is a life member of the• Knights of Pythias. He also holds membership in the Chicago Athletic Club, the Hamilton Club, Chicago, and the Hoosier Athletic Club, and the Columbia Club.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Guy S. Cronkite. An experienced man in business affairs, Guy S. Cronkite is a valuable asset to the Dilling Company, manufacturing confectioners, of which he is treasurer. He was born in Indiana, in 1869, and is a well-educated man for he not only had the advantages afforded by a public school attendance, but is a graduate of the Northern Indiana Normal College. Following his graduation he was associated with his father for eight to ten years, in a mercantile venture, which occupied his time and attention until 1900, when he entered the employ of his present company as an employe of its shipping department. His advance was rapid, and in 1908 he was made treasurer, and continues to hold this responsible office. This company sells to jobbers in sixteen states, and its plant is one of the very large ones of its kind in the country. Mr. Cronkite is a Republican, but aside from exercising his right of suffrage, he does not participate in politics, all of his energy being absorbed by his business. He married Miss Pearl Brumbaugh of Marion, Indiana. Through his membership with the Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce he renders a capable service in safeguarding the interests of his home city. His only fraternal connections are those he maintains with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

J. Carlton Daniel M. D. While still numbered among the younger members of the medical profession at Indianapolis, where he specializes in diseases of the eye, Dr. J. Carlton Daniel is a physician of experience and thorough training, and comes naturally by his inclination for his calling, being the son of Dr. William Daniel, a prominent physician at Corydon. Doctor Daniel was born in that city, June 24, 1891, and in 1910 graduated from the Corydon high school. After some further preparation, he entered the Indiana University School of Medicine, from which he was graduated with his degree as a member of the class of 1917. He then served an interneship at the City Hospital, and in 1918 volunteered his services and was accepted as a First Lieutenant in the U. S. Medical Corps, in which he rose to the rank of Captain. During his service he was variously located, being at Greenleaf, Georgia; Hoboken, New Jersey; Camp Mills, Long Island, being discharged at Camp Taylor, Louisville, Kentucky. Following the war he took a post-graduate course of about two years at the New York Post-Graduate Hospital, concentrating upon diseases of the eye. On his return to Indianapolis he established himself in the practice of his profession his offices being located at 1008 Hume-Mansur Building. Doctor Daniel is a member of the Marion County Medical Society, the Indiana State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity and is also a Thirty-second degree Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. August 30, 1916, Doctor Daniel married Miss Lois Keller, of Corydon, Indiana, a daughter of William H. and Cora (Allen) Keller. Dr. and Mrs. Daniel maintain their home at Meridian and Fifty-second streets, Indianapolis.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Albert G. Dannin, B. S., D.O., a young man of exceptional ability, and a credit to his profession, is carrying on a large practice in osteopathy, with offices 411 I. O. O. F. Building, Indianapolis. He was born at Newport, Rhode Island June 25, 1898. After he was graduated from the Rogers high school of Newport, he became a student of the University of Michigan, and later of Still College, Des Moines, Iowa. Still later he attended the Andrew T. Still College of Osteopathy at Kirksville, Missouri, from which he was graduated with the degrees of Bachelor of Science and Doctor of Osteopathy. After about two years of practice, in June, 1923, he came to Indianapolis to take over the practice of Dr. E. V. Woodruff, who was one of the leading osteopaths of this city, and Doctor Dannin is very creditably following in his footsteps, and holding the many patients of his predecessor. Dr. Dannin is a member of the Phi Sigma Gamma. He also belongs to Des Moines Lodge Number 98, B. P. O. K, and to Capitol Lodge Number 110, A. F. & A. M., of Des Moines. August 20, 1920, he was married to Miss Sophia L. Goldenberg, of Brockton, Massachusetts. Mrs. Dannin was graduated from the Brockton high school in 1917, and for many years has been a student of music, now being a most accomplished violinist. She is also an able assistant to her husband in looking after details of the office and aiding him in numerous ways in his professional work. To Doctor and Mrs. Dannin have been born two children: Hubert Charles, who died in infancy, and Arthur Edwin, born March 14, 1924.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924

Ora J. Davies, state treasurer, has been prominent in public affairs in Indiana for many years, acceptably filling numerous public offices, and throughout his entire career has commanded the respect and enjoyed the confidence of his fellow citizens. He belongs to an old agricultural family of Indiana and was born at Popular Grove, Indiana, May 3, 1875, son of Joseph and Rebecca (Coate) Davies, the former of whom was born in Parke county, Indiana, and the latter in Miami county, Ohio. The father died June 24, 1922, and the mother, March 17, 1898. Of their family of five children, Ora J. is the youngest. He was reared on the home farm and in boyhood attended the country schools, later the high school at New London, and subsequently Spiceland Academy in Henry county, from which institution he was graduated in 1892, and intelligent, educated and public-spirited, he soon became interested in public matters that in particular concerned Howard county. In 1914 he was elected treasurer of that county and in 1916 was re-elected to the same office with a much larger majority than the first, serving four years. He was also elected precinct committeeman and served continuously in this capacity for fourteen years. The public esteem in which he was held in Howard county was shown by his election to the office of county treasurer, his two terms covering from January 1, 1915 to January 1, 1919. In 1920 he was elected state treasurer and reelected in 1922, in which election he led the entire state ticket. As a business man he has always been a farmer, and while, as a state official, he maintains his office at Indianapolis, he has never relinquished his home on his farm in the northwestern part of Howard county. In September, 1893 he married Leota, daughter of Lewis and Sarah Harness, of Howard county, and they have one daughter, Merle, residing with her parents. Mr. Davies is a member of the Society of Friends. He is a Knight Templar and Thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner and also has membership in such other representative fraternal bodies as the Elks, Knights of Pythias, Eagles, Moose and Modern Woodmen. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce at Indianapolis, the Board of Trade, the Columbia, Athletic and Marion clubs.

History of Indiana From Its Exploration to 1922
With an Account of Indianapolis and Marion County Vol. IV
by Logan Esarey
Dayton Historical Publishing Co
1924